Abstract:SummaryCarbon footprints aim to engage consumers in contributing to climate-change mitigation. Consumption-oriented policy measures attempt to cause voluntary or incentivized interventions that reduce environmental impact through the supply chain by utilizing demand drivers. A large body of life cycle assessment studies describe how specific actions can reduce the environmental footprint of an individual or household. However, these assessments are often conducted with a narrow focus on particular goods and pr… Show more
“…Within this setting, EXIOBASE 3 provides the level of detail necessary for a macro‐level policy screening of consumption‐oriented policies in regard to carbon emission savings (Wood et al. ). The high sector detail of EXIOBASE facilitates the unambiguous linking to other classification schemes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…; Wood et al. ) and to assess the outcome of policies set in place to reduce environmental impacts, increase resource efficiency, and ultimately decouple the economic activity from the environmental impacts it leads to.…”
SummaryEnvironmentally extended multiregional input-output (EE MRIO) tables have emerged as a key framework to provide a comprehensive description of the global economy and analyze its effects on the environment. Of the available EE MRIO databases, EXIOBASE stands out as a database compatible with the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) with a high sectorial detail matched with multiple social and environmental satellite accounts. In this paper, we present the latest developments realized with EXIOBASE 3-a time series of EE MRIO tables ranging from 1995 to 2011 for 44 countries (28 EU member plus 16 major economies) and five rest of the world regions. EXIOBASE 3 builds upon the previous versions of EXIOBASE by using rectangular supply-use tables (SUTs) in a 163 industry by 200 products classification as the main building blocks. In order to capture structural changes, economic developments, as reported by national statistical agencies, were imposed on the available, disaggregated SUTs from EXIOBASE 2. These initial estimates were further refined by incorporating detailed data on energy, agricultural production, resource extraction, and bilateral trade. EXIOBASE 3 inherits the high level of environmental stressor detail from its precursor, with further improvement in the level of detail for resource extraction. To account for the expansion of the European Union (EU), EXIOBASE 3 was developed with the full EU28 country set (including the new member state Croatia). EXIOBASE 3 provides a unique tool for analyzing the dynamics of environmental pressures of economic activities over time.
“…Within this setting, EXIOBASE 3 provides the level of detail necessary for a macro‐level policy screening of consumption‐oriented policies in regard to carbon emission savings (Wood et al. ). The high sector detail of EXIOBASE facilitates the unambiguous linking to other classification schemes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…; Wood et al. ) and to assess the outcome of policies set in place to reduce environmental impacts, increase resource efficiency, and ultimately decouple the economic activity from the environmental impacts it leads to.…”
SummaryEnvironmentally extended multiregional input-output (EE MRIO) tables have emerged as a key framework to provide a comprehensive description of the global economy and analyze its effects on the environment. Of the available EE MRIO databases, EXIOBASE stands out as a database compatible with the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) with a high sectorial detail matched with multiple social and environmental satellite accounts. In this paper, we present the latest developments realized with EXIOBASE 3-a time series of EE MRIO tables ranging from 1995 to 2011 for 44 countries (28 EU member plus 16 major economies) and five rest of the world regions. EXIOBASE 3 builds upon the previous versions of EXIOBASE by using rectangular supply-use tables (SUTs) in a 163 industry by 200 products classification as the main building blocks. In order to capture structural changes, economic developments, as reported by national statistical agencies, were imposed on the available, disaggregated SUTs from EXIOBASE 2. These initial estimates were further refined by incorporating detailed data on energy, agricultural production, resource extraction, and bilateral trade. EXIOBASE 3 inherits the high level of environmental stressor detail from its precursor, with further improvement in the level of detail for resource extraction. To account for the expansion of the European Union (EU), EXIOBASE 3 was developed with the full EU28 country set (including the new member state Croatia). EXIOBASE 3 provides a unique tool for analyzing the dynamics of environmental pressures of economic activities over time.
SummaryThis article describes the algorithm that has been developed within the European Union (EU) FP7 project DESIRE for the construction of the EXIOBASE multiregional hybrid supply and use tables (MR-HSUTs) version 3. The tables include 43 countries plus five rest-ofthe-world regions and are built for the period 2000-2011. MR-HSUTs are compiled in mixed units, that is, tangible goods in mass units, intangible energy flows in terajoules, and, finally, services in euros. The article summarizes the various steps of the developed procedure, from data collection until the final supply and use tables. It will be shown how several disconnected data sets with varying quality are harmonized so as to build an effective analytical database that can be used for several types of analyses, such as life cycle assessment, total material requirement, material intensity per product service, carbon footprint, and so on.
Keywords:energy footprint EXIOBASE input-output analysis (IOA) input-output life cycle assessment (IO-LCA) material flow accounting physical input-output tables (PIOT) Supporting information is linked to this article on the JIE website
“…Their analysis shows that compared to 2011 levels, halving consumer food waste would lead to 2% to 7% reductions of the total footprint depending on the environmental category. Finally, Wood and colleagues () propose a framework that demonstrates the usefulness of MRIO databases such as EXIOBASE V3 in assessing the impact of policy measures—both geospatially, and in terms of supply‐chain impact. Such approaches can give quick estimates based on exploiting EXIOBASE V3 to give the potential savings and rebounds of a technical implementation of a policy measure, but by no means replace detailed studies. Credibility for official statistical agencies : Tukker and colleagues () discuss how, based on knowledge of factors that create most uncertainty in footprint analyses, steps can be made toward constructing GMRIOs in a way that they become gradually more acceptable as a tool for use in official statistics.…”
Section: Approaches Based On Global Multiregional Input‐output Analysismentioning
Summary
This paper serves as an introduction to this special issue on the use of multiregional input‐output modeling in assessments of natural resource use and resource use efficiency. Due to globalization, growth in trade has outpaced growth in global gross domestic product (GDP). As a consequence, impacts of consumption of a country increasingly take place abroad. Various methods have been developed to perform so‐called footprint analyses. We argue that global multiregional input‐output (GMRIO) analysis has the largest potential to provide a consistent accounting framework to calculate a variety of different footprint indicators. The state of the art in GMRIO has, however, various shortcomings, such as limited sector and regional detail and incomplete extensions. The work presented in this special issue addresses a number of such problems and how to possibly overcome them, focusing on the construction of a new GMRIO database (EXIOBASE V3). This database includes long time series in both current and constant prices, a high level of product and sector detail, a physical representation of the world economy, and allows analyzing which footprints out of the many possible indicators provide most information for policy making. Various options for empirical analyses are presented in this special issue. Finally, we analyze how GMRIOs can be further standardized and gradually moved from the scientific to the official statistical domain.
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