“…Data integration and access to data have been a longstanding topic in the IE literature, both in case studies and in theory and database development (Davis, Chmieliauskas, Dijkema, & Nikolic, , ; Frischknecht, ; Hertwich et al., ; Lenzen et al., ; Lupton & Allwood, ; Merciai & Schmidt, ; Murakami, Oguchi, Tasaki, Daigo, & Hashimoto, ; Myers, Fishman, Reck, & Graedel, ; Pauliuk, Majeau‐Bettez, Hertwich, & Müller, ; Weidema, ). For example, the integration of material flow data with input–output (IO) models has a strong tradition (Hoekstra & van den Bergh, ; Merciai & Schmidt, ; Nakamura & Kondo, ; Nakamura, Nakajima, Kondo, & Nagasaka, , ; Ohno, Nuss, Chen, & Graedel, ). The same holds for data integration into so‐called hybrid models that integrate monetary and physical process and supply chain information (Crawford, Bontinck, Stephan, Wiedmann, & Yu, ; Hawkins, Hendrickson, Higgins, Matthews, & Suh, ).…”