Priorities for Research on Equity and Health: Towards an Equity-Focused Health Research Agenda

Östlin, Piroska; Schrecker, Ted; Sadana, Ritu; Bonnefoy, J; Gilson, Lucy; Hertzman, Clyde; Kelly, Michael P.; Kjellström, Tord; Labonté, Ronald; Lundberg, Olle; Muntañer, Carles; Popay, Jennie; Sen, Gita; Vaghri, Ziba

doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001115

Cited by 99 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The implementation of two multilevel models to determine the influence of social and cultural elements in this study followed today's global initiatives to identify health disparities as well as to prevent and reduce the impact of MSK diseases in the general population [34]. In this sense, our study is consistent with the research proposal of the CONEVAL [35], which refers to the identification of global factors affecting health equity, defined "as the absence of systematic differences in health, between and within countries that are avoidable by reasonable action" [36]. Regarding individual variables in the level 1 model, we found significant associations between the prevalence of OA and female gender as well as older age and at least three related variables: pain of great intensity, use of pain treatments, and functional limitations for which temporality should be analyzed in detail.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The Social Gap Index and the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the community: a cross-sectional multilevel study in Mexico

et al. 2014

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Multilevel studies have gained importance for highlighting social inequalities in health. These associations have been reported previously in diseases such as arthritis and chronic pain. We conducted a cross-sectional study using multilevel analysis to identify individual and contextual factors associated with the variation of prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) in the Mexican population. The sample included 17,566 individuals of which 10,666 (60.7%) were women. The relationship between individual and contextual factors and OA were analyzed with a multilevel strategy. From the total population, 1,681 individuals had OA. Multilevel analysis showed that individual variables such as female gender (odds ratio (OR) = 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1, 1.4), age range 55-65 years (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.3, 2.0), musculoskeletal pain in the last 7 days (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 2.3, 3.0), and use of pain treatments (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.2, 1.7) were associated with OA. At the regional level, the Social Gap Index (SGIx) was associated with the diagnosis of OA (coefficient 0.5, 95% CI 0.2-1.1). The SGIx contextual variable was positively associated with the regional prevalence of OA and the variation in prevalence of OA in different regions. The larger the social gap, the greater the variation in OA prevalence. These factors were independently associated with the prevalence of OA: female gender, pain intensity, physical limitation, and the use of pain treatments were individual variables associated with OA. The association between OA prevalence and regional variations with SGIx reflects inequities in health provisions that should be considered in health programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The Social Gap Index and the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the community: a cross-sectional multilevel study in Mexico

et al. 2014

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“…30 Ideally, this will enable a better understanding of the structures and processes that differentially affect children's chances to be healthy in NZ, and identification of strategies that can address the large inequities in health and social opportunity that currently exist in NZ. 31,32 The alignment of the birth characteristics of the cohort to all NZ births over the 2007-2010 period presented here indicate that the study is well-placed to deliver on its stated objective. The large size of the cohort, as well as its ethnic and socio-demographic diversity, will help to improve policy decision making by providing data collected from families comparable to those to whom the policy will be directly applicable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Growing Up in New Zealand cohort alignment with all New Zealand births

Morton

Ramke

Kinloch

et al. 2015

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

109

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Objective: To compare the birth characteristics of the Growing Up in New Zealand cohort with those of all New Zealand (NZ) births over a similar time period, and to describe cohort alignment to current NZ births. Method:The Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal study recruited 6,846 children from before birth via their pregnant mothers who were residing in the greater Auckland and Waikato regions during 2009 and 2010. Data were collected from mothers antenatally and six weeks after their expected delivery date, and from routine perinatal health records. These data were compared to Ministry of Health data for all births in NZ between 2007 and 2010. Results:The proportion of males and singleton births were not statistically different to national births. Compared to national births fewer of the cohort children were born low birth weight (4.9% vs. 6.1%, p<0.0001) or preterm (6.4% vs. 7.4%, p=0.001) and the cohort was expected to be more ethnically diverse than national births. Conclusion:Birth parameters for the cohort were generally closely aligned to all NZ births in 2007-2010. Some statistically significant differences reflected small absolute differences, attributable in some part to cohort recruitment requiring survival to six weeks post expected delivery. Implications:The explicit documentation of the alignment of the cohort to national data provides assurance that the study is well placed to deliver findings that can inform policy development relevant to the diversity of the contemporary NZ child population.

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“…[1,25] A research paradigm shift that incorporates SDH into neurological rehabilitation may complement existing research. [29] Moreover, improved QoL and equity for people living with neurological conditions will also be progressed. [30] Gauld et al [31] assessed a participatory action research model in two remote Aboriginal communities in far North Queensland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between social determinants of health, and rehabilitation of neurological conditions: a systematic literature review

Frier

Barnett

Devine

2016

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Rehabilitation of neurological conditions can be a long and difficult process. To pursue optimal outcomes, an individual's social circumstances should be considered. Understanding how SDH interact with neurological rehabilitation may enhance service delivery, thus maximizing the possible rehabilitation outcomes for individuals. Future research that considers SDH and rehabilitation of neurological conditions jointly may benefit service providers and those requiring neurological rehabilitation. Implications for Rehabilitation Social determinants of health are important to consider in the rehabilitation of neurological conditions. Understanding the interplay between the social determinants of health and neurological rehabilitation may enhance the possible outcomes for those requiring rehabilitation. Increased awareness and capacity of health care professionals involved in neurological rehabilitation may hasten momentum towards decreased health disparities instigated by undesirable social determinants of health.

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Priorities for Research on Equity and Health: Towards an Equity-Focused Health Research Agenda

Abstract: Piroska Östlin and colleagues argue that a paradigm shift is needed to keep the focus on health equity within the social determinants of health research agenda.

Cited by 99 publications

References 22 publications

The Social Gap Index and the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the community: a cross-sectional multilevel study in Mexico

The Social Gap Index and the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the community: a cross-sectional multilevel study in Mexico

Growing Up in New Zealand cohort alignment with all New Zealand births

The relationship between social determinants of health, and rehabilitation of neurological conditions: a systematic literature review

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