Libraries are positioned at the nexus of creative production, music publishing, performance, and research. The academic library community has the potential to play an influential leadership role in shaping the music publishing life cycle, making scores more readily discoverable and accessible, and establishing itself as a force that empowers a wide range of creativity and scholarship. Yet the music publishing industry has been slow to capitalize on the digital market, and academic libraries have been slow to integrate electronic music scores into their collections.In this paper, I will discuss the historical, technical, and human factors that have contributed to this moment, and the critical next steps the academic library community can take in response to the booming digital music publishing market to make a lasting impact through setting technological standards and best practices, developing education in these technologies and related intellectual property issues, and becoming an active partner in digital music publishing and in innovative research and creative possibilities.format's state of integration into library collections. With electronic sheet music publishing on the rise (McGinley 2016b), libraries are positioned at the nexus of creative production, publishing, performance, and research. In this paper, I will discuss the factors that have contributed to this moment, and the critical next steps the academic library community can take to become an influential player, together with music publishers, in the electronic scores ecosystem.
ELECTRONIC SCORES IN LIBRARIESLibrary offerings of electronic scores are generally offered in the same way as electronic books or online databases even though the nature of the demands and uses for music scores differs significantly. Ana Dubnjakovic (2009) described the recent proliferation of digitized sheet music online and offered advice on evaluating the quality of the sources and effective searching.Lisa Hooper (2013) issued a call-to-action to initiate a "dialogue between music librarians, vendors, publishers, acquisition librarians, and other non-music librarian professionals" (575).Yet libraries have continued to be reactive to the evolving publishing landscape and complementary technologies. In his 2015 speech, when comparing electronic scores to digital text and the burgeoning field of digital humanities, Darwin Scott declared the state of electronic score "fractured, stuck in nascent and divergent stages of development." He described libraries as meeting the electronic score format in a relationship that is "murky and sometimes stormy," and the effort to integrate it into library operations as "bumpy," resulting in "collective frustration" and "passive surrender." Scott's sentiment was echoed in Hooper's presentation (2015) where she called for positive action and advocacy, with a focus on influencing publishers and vendors on pricing models, licensing models, user interface, and cataloging.Since then, the music library community has responded with several technic...