2011
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201100394
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Printed Paper Photovoltaic Cells

Abstract: Polymer/fullerene solar cells are printed on paper using a combination of gravure and flexographic printing techniques. The printed paper photovoltaic cells are free from expensive electrodes made with indium–tin oxide, silver, or gold. Oxidized zinc film is used as the electron‐collecting layer.

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Cited by 200 publications
(150 citation statements)
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“…[ 14 ] Compared to spheres, anisotropic silver and gold nanostructures such as Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have attracted enormous attention as a potential alternative renewable energy source because of their light weight, conformability, and low-cost solution processability. [ 1 ] Recent results surpassing 10% power conversion effi ciency (PCE) represent a major milestone [ 2 ] and give hope for prospects of commercialization. Ideally, a photovoltaic absorber should be thick enough to absorb most of the incoming sunlight.…”
Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201400206mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 14 ] Compared to spheres, anisotropic silver and gold nanostructures such as Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have attracted enormous attention as a potential alternative renewable energy source because of their light weight, conformability, and low-cost solution processability. [ 1 ] Recent results surpassing 10% power conversion effi ciency (PCE) represent a major milestone [ 2 ] and give hope for prospects of commercialization. Ideally, a photovoltaic absorber should be thick enough to absorb most of the incoming sunlight.…”
Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201400206mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…24 Another of the more exotic examples of R2R-processed solar cells was presented by Hü bler et al who have prepared fully R2R-processed solar cells on paper using a combination of gravure and flexo printing. 17 The processing starts with gravure printing of a glue onto a paper substrate. The glue patterned paper is then brought into contact with a zinc-coated transfer foil, transferring the zinc only onto the patterned glue, and the surface of the zinc is then oxidized creating a thin hole blocking layer.…”
Section: Krebs Et Al Introduced a New Fabrication Methods For All R2rmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In order to make electronic devices applicable in unconventional environments at biotic/abiotic interfaces where conformal and intimate integration with biological systems is required, electronic devices with high mechanical fl exibility are demanded to conquer the mismatch between rigid silicon wafers with soft and curved biological surfaces. [6][7][8][12][13][14][15][16][17] Natural biomaterials have offered lasting inspirations and attractive building blocks for developing next-generation fl exible and biosustainable electronics, such as organic thinfi lm transistors, [18][19][20][21][22] organic displays and light-emitting devices, [ 23,24 ] and organic photovoltaics, [ 25,26 ] thus endowing them with environmental benignity and high performance, together with large-scale fabrication capability at low cost. [27][28][29][30][31][32] At the same time, due to their appealing properties including their biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioresorbability, and natural abundance, as well as their light weight, biomaterials have emerged as excellent candidates for the development of biointegrated electronic devices for biological-related applications, such as sensor skins, [33][34][35] biomedical diagnosis and therapy, [ 36,37 ] and brain-machine interfaces.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%