Principles of Anaerobic Degradation of Organic Compounds

Schink, Bernhard

doi:10.1002/9783527620951.ch7

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…The variability in magnetic susceptibility values both vertically and laterally appears to be related to the presence of hydrocarbon contamination (Figure ) as well as the geochemical zones shown in Figure . For microbes to aerobically or anaerobically degrade oil, the reduction of an electron acceptor is required [ Schink , ]. Ferrihydrite can be reduced to Fe (II) when aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation is coupled to iron reduction [ Anderson and Lovley , ; Lovley et al ., ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution magnetic susceptibility measurements for investigating magnetic mineral formation during microbial mediated iron reduction

Atekwana

Mewafy

Aal

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci.

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Disimilatory iron-reducing bacteria play an important role in the reduction of Fe(hydr)oxides and the production of secondary solid-iron mineral phases that can have magnetic properties. Magnetic susceptibility can therefore play an important role in identifying zones where microbial-mediated iron reduction is occurring. We investigated the magnetic susceptibility variations in a hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer where methanogenesis and iron reduction are the main biogeochemical processes. Our objectives are to (1) determine the variability of magnetic susceptibility, (2) determine the hydrobiogeochemical controls on the magnetic susceptibility variability, and (3) evaluate the use of magnetic susceptibility as a viable technique for identifying zones where the coupling of iron and organic carbon cycling is occurring. Magnetic susceptibility data were acquired down 11 boreholes within contaminated and uncontaminated locations. We show that magnetic susceptibility values for boreholes within the free phase plume are higher than values for boreholes within the dissolved phase plume and background. Magnetic susceptibility values are highest within the zone of water table fluctuation with peaks predominantly occurring at the highest water table marks and are also coincident with high concentrations of dissolved Fe(II) and organic carbon content, suggesting that the zone of water table fluctuation is most biologically active. High magnetic susceptibility values within the vadose zone above the free phase plume are coincident with a zone of methane depletion suggesting aerobic or anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to iron reduction. Our results suggest that magnetic susceptibility can be used as a viable tool in iron and carbon cycling studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution magnetic susceptibility measurements for investigating magnetic mineral formation during microbial mediated iron reduction

Atekwana

Mewafy

Aal

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci.

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“…Acidógenos: La población acidogénica es la más grande, consiste en cerca del 90 % de la población total de un digestor, algunos de los microorganismos presentes dentro de este grupo son: Acinetobacter Lwoffi, Acinetobacter sp, Actinomyces sp, Alcaligenes, Pasteurella sp, Staphylococcus hominis, Bacillus, y Kleibsiella oxytoca, clostridium spp, peptococcus, Bifidobacterium, Delsulphovibrio spp, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus y Escherichia coli (Ghaly, Ramkumar, Sadaka, Rochon, 2000;Schink, 2008).…”

Section: Tercera Etapa: Acetogénesisunclassified

“…La hidrólisis de los residuos puede ser catalizada por el mismo número de microorganismos; sin embargo, la velocidad de hidrólisis de polímeros puede ser diferente. En los reactores durante esta etapa, los procesos anaerobios de hidrólisis de polímeros a monómeros son más lentos que la fermentación de monómeros a ácidos y otros productos de fermentación (Schink, 2008).…”

Section: Degradación Anaeróbica De Carbohidratosunclassified

“…Degradación anaeróbica de proteínas: Contrario a la hidrólisis de carbohidratos, la hidrólisis óptima de proteínas requiere de un pH neutro. En contraste a la fermentación de carbohidratos, lo cual disminuye el pH debido a la formación de ácidos grasos volátiles (AGVs), la fermentación de aminoácidos en reactores de aguas residuales no provoca un cambio de pH significativo debido a la formación de amonio y ácidos (Schink, 2008).…”

Section: Degradación Anaeróbica De Carbohidratosunclassified

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Digestión anaeróbica: mecanismos biotecnológicos en el tratamiento de aguas residuales y su aplicación en la industria alimentaria

Huertas

Adolfo²

2015

Rev. P+L

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“…The common feature of most of these pathways is that the aromatic nucleus is destabilized via a reductive rather than an oxidative attack. The benzoyl‐CoA pathway appears to be the most important one because a broad variety of compounds enters this path, including phenol, various hydroxybenzoates, phenylacetate, aniline, cresols and alkylbenzenes (Schink et al ., 1992; Heider and Fuchs, 1997; Harwood et al ., 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different strategies in anaerobic biodegradation of aromatic compounds: nitrate reducers versus strict anaerobes

Philipp

Schink

2011

Environ Microbiol Rep

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Mononuclear aromatic compounds are degraded anaerobically through pathways that are basically different from those used in the presence of oxygen. Whereas aerobic degradation destabilizes the aromatic π-electron system by oxidative steps through oxygenase reactions, anaerobic degradation is most often initiated by a reductive attack. The benzoyl-CoA pathway is the most important metabolic route in this context, and a broad variety of mononuclear aromatics, including phenol, cresols, toluene, xylenes and ethylbenzene, are channelled into this pathway through various modification reactions. Multifunctional phenolic compounds are metabolized via the reductive resorcinol pathway, the oxidative resorcinol pathway with hydroxyhydroquinone as key intermediate, and the phloroglucinol pathway. Comparison of the various pathways used for modification and degradation of aromatics in the absence of oxygen indicates that the strategies of breakdown of these compounds are largely determined by the redox potentials of the electron acceptors used, and by the overall reaction energetics. Consequently, nitrate reducers quite often use strategies for primary attack on aromatic compounds that differ from those used by sulfate-reducing, iron-reducing or fermenting bacteria.

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Principles of Anaerobic Degradation of Organic Compounds

Cited by 11 publications

References 120 publications

High-resolution magnetic susceptibility measurements for investigating magnetic mineral formation during microbial mediated iron reduction

High-resolution magnetic susceptibility measurements for investigating magnetic mineral formation during microbial mediated iron reduction

Digestión anaeróbica: mecanismos biotecnológicos en el tratamiento de aguas residuales y su aplicación en la industria alimentaria

Different strategies in anaerobic biodegradation of aromatic compounds: nitrate reducers versus strict anaerobes

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