Principles and Problems of Exosome Isolation from Biological Fluids

Yakubovich, Edward; Polischouk, A. G.; Евтушенко, В И

doi:10.1134/s1990747822030096

Cited by 44 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Because the field of exosomes is relatively new, there are no standardized methods for their isolation and purification. Various methodologies are now employed for exosome separation and purification; however, there is no agreement on which method is superior [ 1 ]. Exosomes have been isolated from human blood plasma [ 24 ], serum [ 25 ], amniotic fluid [ 26 ], saliva [ 25 ], and urine [ 27 ].…”

Section: Isolation Of Exosomes From Biological Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endosomes, together with multivesicular bodies, contain membrane-bound intraluminal vesicles which originate from the lumen of the multivesicular body [ 1 , 2 ]. The subset of such vesicles will fuse with lysosomes for destruction, whereas others are released into the extracellular space [ 1 , 2 ]. When these multivesicular vesicles unite with the plasma membrane, this releases exosomes, intraluminal vehicles that are released into the extracellular environment [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When these multivesicular vesicles unite with the plasma membrane, this releases exosomes, intraluminal vehicles that are released into the extracellular environment [ 3 ]. Originally derived from endosomes, exosomes are extracellular vehicles (EVs) that are generally 50−170 nm in diameter, making them the smallest form of EVs [ 1 ]. Exosomes are of broad interest due to their function in cell biology and possible therapeutic and diagnostic uses [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exosomes exert their effects primarily by the transfer of both proteins and RNA to recipient cells, where these molecules modulate recipient cell signaling [ 1 ]. While numerous studies have examined the biological effects of exosomal proteins, the role(s) of exosomal RNAs are still being elucidated mostly due to the relatively recent development of highly sensitive RNA sequencing methods [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosome RNA Sequencing as a Tool in the Search for Cancer Biomarkers

Elkommos-Zakhary

Rajesh

Beljanski

2022

ncRNA

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Numerous noninvasive methods are currently being used to determine biomarkers for diseases such as cancer. However, these methods are not always precise and reliable. Thus, there is an unmet need for better diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that will be used to diagnose cancer in early, more treatable stages of the disease. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin released by the majority of cells. Exosomes contain and transport nucleic acids, proteins, growth factors, and cytokines from their parent cells to surrounding or even distant cells via circulation in biofluids. Exosomes have attracted the interest of researchers, as recent data indicate that exosome content may be indicative of disease stages and may contribute to disease progression via exosome-mediated extracellular communication. Therefore, the contents of these vesicles are being investigated as possible biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. The functions of exosomes and their contents in disease development are becoming clearer as isolation and analytical methods, such as RNA sequencing, advance. In this review, we discuss current advances and challenges in exosomal content analyses with emphasis on information that can be generated using RNA sequencing. We also discuss how the RNA sequencing of exosomes may be used to discover novel biomarkers for the detection of different stages for various cancers using specific microRNAs that were found to be differentially expressed between healthy controls and cancer-diagnosed subjects.

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Section: Isolation Of Exosomes From Biological Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Exosome RNA Sequencing as a Tool in the Search for Cancer Biomarkers

Elkommos-Zakhary

Rajesh

Beljanski

2022

ncRNA

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Exosomes as Theranostic Agents in Reproduction System

Izadpanah,

Yalameha,

Sani

et al. 2023

Advanced Biology

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Exosomes (Exos), belonging to extracellular vesicles, are cell‐derived nano‐sized vesicles with the potential to carry different kinds of biological molecules. Many studies have proved the impacts of exosomal cargo on several biological processes in female and male reproductive systems. It is also hypothesized that changes in exosomal cargo are integral to the promotion of certain pathological conditions, thus Exos can be used as valid biomarkers for the diagnosis of infertility and other abnormal conditions. Here, efforts are made to collect some recent data related to the physiological significance of Exos in the reproductive system, and their potential therapeutic effects. It is anticipated that the current review article will lay the groundwork for elucidating the source and mechanisms by which Exos control the reproductive system additionally supplying fresh methods and concepts for the detection and treatment of disorders associated with fertility for future studies.

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Extracellular Vesicle Preparation and Analysis: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

Wang,

Zhou,

Kong

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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In recent decades, research on Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) has gained prominence in the life sciences due to their critical roles in both health and disease states, offering promising applications in disease diagnosis, drug delivery, and therapy. However, their inherent heterogeneity and complex origins pose significant challenges to their preparation, analysis, and subsequent clinical application. This review is structured to provide an overview of the biogenesis, composition, and various sources of EVs, thereby laying the groundwork for a detailed discussion of contemporary techniques for their preparation and analysis. Particular focus is given to state‐of‐the‐art technologies that employ both microfluidic and non‐microfluidic platforms for EV processing. Furthermore, this discourse extends into innovative approaches that incorporate artificial intelligence and cutting‐edge electrochemical sensors, with a particular emphasis on single EV analysis. This review proposes current challenges and outlines prospective avenues for future research. The objective is to motivate researchers to innovate and expand methods for the preparation and analysis of EVs, fully unlocking their biomedical potential.

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Principles and Problems of Exosome Isolation from Biological Fluids

Cited by 44 publications

References 82 publications

Exosome RNA Sequencing as a Tool in the Search for Cancer Biomarkers

Exosome RNA Sequencing as a Tool in the Search for Cancer Biomarkers

Exosomes as Theranostic Agents in Reproduction System

Extracellular Vesicle Preparation and Analysis: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

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