Principal component analysis of behavioural individual differences suggests that particular aspects of visual working memory may relate to specific aspects of attention

Machizawa, Maro G.; Driver, Jon

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.11.032

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In particular, Simmering and Patterson’s (2012) model simulations indicated that improved detection of small changes over development arose not through more precise representations (i.e., narrower peaks), but rather through the related inhibitory component that provides the mechanism of comparison between memory and the perceptual input. Thus, improved resolution in how memory is used can produce a behavioral pattern that might be assumed to reflect memory precision (e.g., Machizawa & Driver, 2011). This computational implementation also suggests an explicit link between developmental increases in capacity and resolution of memory.…”

Section: Developmental Changes In Visual Working Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental improvements in the resolution and capacity of visual working memory share a common source

Simmering

Miller

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The nature of visual working memory (VWM) representations is currently a source of debate between characterizations as slot-like versus a flexibly-divided pool of resources. Recently, a dynamic neural field model has been proposed as an alternative account that focuses more on the processes by which VWM representations are formed, maintained, and used in service of behavior. This dynamic model has explained developmental increases in VWM capacity and resolution through strengthening excitatory and inhibitory connections. Simulations of developmental improvements in VWM resolution suggest that one important change is the accuracy of comparisons between items held in memory and new inputs. Thus, the ability to detect changes is a critical component of developmental improvements in VWM performance across tasks, leading to the prediction that capacity and resolution should correlate during childhood. Comparing 5- to 8-year-old children’s performance across color discrimination and change detection tasks revealed the predicted correlation between estimates of VWM capacity and resolution, supporting the hypothesis that increasing connectivity underlies improvements in VWM during childhood. These results demonstrate the importance of formalizing the processes that support the use of VWM, rather than focusing solely on the nature of representations. We conclude by considering our results in the broader context of VWM development.

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Section: Developmental Changes In Visual Working Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental improvements in the resolution and capacity of visual working memory share a common source

Simmering

Miller

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…The JND was read off from the interpolated psychometric function as the line length, duration, or luminance at which 75% of the responses were "Test longer." For the number and arithmetical tasks, an efficiency score was calculated, that is, accuracy divided by mean RT for the correct answers for each task (Machizawa & Driver, 2011). JNDs and efficiency scores were normalized to produce z scores so that performance could be compared across tasks in planned two-tailed t tests.…”

Section: Behavioral Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Commonalities for Numerical and Continuous Quantity Skills at Temporo-parietal Junction

Cappelletti

Chamberlain

Freeman

et al. 2014

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ How do our abilities to process number and other continuous quantities such as time and space relate to each other? Recent evidence suggests that these abilities share common magnitude processing and neural resources, although other findings also highlight the role of dimension-specific processes. To further characterize the relation between number, time, and space, we first examined them in a population with a developmental numerical dysfunction (developmental dyscalculia) and then assessed the extent to which these abilities correlated both behaviorally and anatomically in numerically normal participants. We found that (1) participants with dyscalculia showed preserved continuous quantity processing and (2) in numerically normal adults, numerical and continuous quantity abilities were at least partially dissociated both behaviorally and anatomically. Specifically, gray matter volume correlated with both measures of numerical and continuous quantity processing in the right TPJ; in contrast, individual differences in number proficiency were associated with gray matter volume in numberspecific cortical regions in the right parietal lobe. Together, our new converging evidence of selective numerical impairment and of number-specific brain areas at least partially distinct from common magnitude areas suggests that the human brain is equipped with different ways of quantifying the outside world. ■

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“…Machizawa and Driver (2011) related this framework to working memory by applying a principal components analysis to a behavioral dataset, and found that not only did putative measures of alerting, orienting, and executive control load independently onto the first three principle components, but so too did measures relating to three constructs from VSTM: capacity, precision, and filtering, respectively. In this paper we focus on the constructs of capacity and filtering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context-specific differences in fronto-parieto-occipital effective connectivity during short-term memory maintenance

et al. 2015

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Although visual short-term memory (VSTM) performance has been hypothesized to rely on two distinct mechanisms, capacity and filtering, the two have not been dissociated using network-level causality measures. Here, we hypothesized that behavioral tasks challenging capacity or distraction filtering would both engage a common network of areas, namely dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), superior parietal lobule (SPL), and occipital cortex, but would do so according to dissociable patterns of effective connectivity. We tested this by estimating directed connectivity between areas using conditional Granger causality (cGC). Consistent with our prediction, the results indicated that increasing mnemonic load (capacity) increased the top-down drive from dlPFC to SPL, and cGC in the alpha (8−14 Hz) frequency range was a predominant component of this effect. The presence of distraction during encoding (filtering), in contrast, was associated with increased top-down drive from dlPFC to occipital cortices directly and from SPL to occipital cortices directly, in both cases in the beta (15−25Hz) range. Thus, although a common anatomical network may serve VSTM in different contexts, it does so via specific functions that are carried out within distinct, dynamically configured frequency channels.

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Principal component analysis of behavioural individual differences suggests that particular aspects of visual working memory may relate to specific aspects of attention

Cited by 37 publications

References 46 publications

Developmental improvements in the resolution and capacity of visual working memory share a common source

Developmental improvements in the resolution and capacity of visual working memory share a common source

Commonalities for Numerical and Continuous Quantity Skills at Temporo-parietal Junction

Context-specific differences in fronto-parieto-occipital effective connectivity during short-term memory maintenance

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