“…As it is extensively described in the literature, the conditions of the migratory process and the social, structural, and cultural factors inherent to it may be strong predictors for the multiple victimization of immigrant women in the receiving countries (Annoni, 2020;Gonçalves & Fonseca, 2020;Marchetti, 2018;Ramos, 2021;Silva et al, 2020). This concept of multiple victimization emerges in the literature in the 80s (Sparks, 1981) and, even though it is a concept of difficult consensus, it shows that one type of violence is almost always associated with others and that a single experience of a type of abuse rarely occurs (Caridade et al, 2019).…”