Primeira Semana Saúde Integral: ações dos profissionais de saúde na visita domiciliar ao binômio mãe-bebê [First Comprehensive Health Week: actions of healthcare professionals in mother-and-child home visits]

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as ações dos profissionais de saúde durante a primeira visita domiciliar ao binômio mãe-bebê. Método: pesquisa descritiva, abordagem qualitativa, realizada de fevereiro a junho de 2016, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 11 mães de recém-nascidos que receberam a visita domiciliar no período neonatal por profissionais de saúde que atuam nas unidades de saúde da família no município de João Pessoa. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: percebem-se fragilidades nas ações com a mãe, pois limitam-se aos cuidados com a ferida cirúrgica, no caso de cesarianas. Entre as ações voltadas ao bebê, destaca-se que foram abrangentes, envolvendo o exame físico, imunização, incentivo ao aleitamento materno, agendamento de consultas na unidade de saúde e orientações como propõe a Primeira Semana Saúde Integral. Conclusão: embora haja potencialidades na realização da visita domiciliar, as fragilidades na atuação dos profissionais no cuidado ao binômio mãe-bebê comprometem a integralidade da atenção, fazendo-se necessário investir em capacitação. Palavras-chave: Assistência integral à saúde; período pós-parto; recém-nascido; visita domiciliar.

A criança e sua família na atenção primária em saúde

“…2,16 In addition to child identification data, children and parents' rights are presented, as well as obstetric and neonatal history, guidance on breastfeeding and healthy complementary feeding, characteristics by age group of the growth and development, as well as guidelines on oral, hearing and eye health, and in the booklet, there is also a space for monitoring the vaccination calendar and record of clinical complications. [6][7]16 It was observed that nurses also listed a series of systematized actions developed by them in the context of primary health care related to regular monitoring that allows projection on growth curves.…”

“…Therefore, it is necessary to consider the postpartum period in order to offer adequate support to women, seeking strategies for recognizing the space she occupies and valuing her as protagonist of this action and owner of her body. [3][4]7 In addition, although one of the nurses emphasized in his speech the importance of encouraging and supporting breastfeeding, it is still necessary to pay attention to this issue in order to promote proper and healthy eating. It is revealed, according to a study 21 carried out in Minas Gerais on the completion of the Child Health Handbook, that the type of food at discharge from maternity was one of the least filled, which undermines child health surveillance and communication between health professionals.…”

“…family. 6,7 It is also noted in the participants' statements that professionals have in mind that the circumstances that lead the child to the health service may be different, therefore, they deserve attention based on the needs presented at the time of the consultation.…”

“…It is observed, however, that studies are still needed to deepen their investigations on nursing actions in consultations and the relationship with the socioeconomic and cultural context, as well as the structure of family relationships, the support of social networks, the vulnerabilities of this social group, the concept of health for the child's family and what is considered fundamental for the wellbeing and quality of life so that the child can grow and develop in dignified and harmonious conditions. 1,6 The nurse's actions should be returned, corroborating this thinking, [6][7] for a care that involves not only general aspects, but especially the demands and specificities of the child from their family and social context. It is warned, from this perspective, [8][9] Considering that childhood is a phase of the life cycle of individuals with great vulnerabilities, nurses should promote health care that allows a holistic look through periodic and systematically organized follow-up.…”