Primate experiments on oral respiration

Harvold, Egil P.; Tomer, Britta S.; Vargervik, Karin; Chierici, George

doi:10.1016/0002-9416(81)90379-1

Cited by 381 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Our results are in agreement both with Harvold et al [9] and Yamada et al [28], showing a reduction in height of the maxilla. Yet, although Harvold's and Yamada's models seem particularly interesting as the animals used are phylogenetically close to humans, they are limited by the fact that genetic variability cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

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Relationship between chronic nasal obstruction and craniofacial growth: an experimental model

Scarano

Ottaviani

Girolamo

et al. 1998

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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The aim of this paper was to verify if the growth of the nasomaxillary complex can be influenced by a purely functional alteration such as nasal obstruction, which was induced experimentally in a genetically controlled animal model. Sixty albino rats were employed. Twenty of them had the right nostril occluded by a synthetic resin; another twenty had both nostrils occluded; the other 20 were taken as control group. When the growth was completed, the rats were sacrificed and cephalometric analysis was carried out. Both treated groups showed a statistically significant reduction in overall weight and height, in the vertical development of the nasomaxillary complex and in the skullbase longitudinal axis. After discussing the literature on the subject, the authors conclude that normal craniofacial growth in the rat must somehow depend on physiological nasal breathing, which should therefore be considered of crucial importance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…An interesting experimental contribution regarding nasal obstruction and craniofacial growth, is that of Harvold et al [9], in which a number of electromyographic, cephalometric and occlusal variations were reported in anthropomorphic monkeys after artificial nasal obstruction induced during early stages of development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between chronic nasal obstruction and craniofacial growth: an experimental model

Scarano

Ottaviani

Girolamo

et al. 1998

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…Subjects with increased vertical craniofacial dimensions with the presence of an AOB, in this study, were seen to have longer response times and greater number of impaired ST responses. AOB is thought to result from interactions of different etiologic factors including non-nutritive habits, airway obstruction and abnormal vertical growth 21,22 . The primary etiological factor in the adult subjects of this study was attributed to unfavorable growth pattern with divergent jaw bases and a resulting absence of contact between the incisors.…”

Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Somatosensory Perception in Skeletal Anterior Open Bite Malocclusion.

Prasad¹,

Ravindran²,

Wali³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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Objective: To evaluate oral and manual somatosensory perception in skeletal anterior open bite (SAOB) subjects. Methods: 14 adults with SAOB were tested for oral and manual stereognostic ability using stimuli of varying shape, texture and density. A custom device was used for two point discrimination (TPD) testing. Skeletal Class I subjects with normal overbite served as controls. Time taken and accuracy of identification were noted for stereognosis tests (ST) and distance for TPD. Mann Whitney U tested for differences in the two groups. Spearman's rank correlation was used for association between variables. Results: Response time for oral ST ranged from 2seconds to 60seconds in SAOB subjects and 2 seconds to 37seconds in control group. Response time for manual ST ranged from 2seconds to 40.4 seconds in SAOB subjects and 2seconds to 24seconds in control group. Mann Whitney showed the difference was not statistically significant (p≤0.05) between groups in both manual and oral ST. Spearman's correlation test showed no correlation between response time and extent of open bite. Frequency of incorrect responses for ST was greater in SAOB. Minimal errors were noted in identification of texture and maximum for identification of cross shape in ST. TPD ranged from 1mm to 5 mm at different sites. Conclusions: Impairment in oral sterognostic ability is noted in subjects with SAOB though no association is seen between the severity of SAOB and sterognostic ability. Complexity of test shape was found to have the greatest influence on sensory perception regardless of the presence of SAOB in both manual and oral sensory tests.Copy Right, IJAR, 2017,. All rights reserved.

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“…The results of an environmental impairment of orofacial muscle activity experiment involving monkeys [14,15] suggested that nongenetic postnatal impairment may have an impact similar to genetically induced muscle impairment. The experimental data showed the presence of a continuous interaction between abnormal nasal resistance and orofacial growth through the intermediary of abnormal muscle tone and mouth breathing (with a change in the mandibular condyle position).…”

Section: Craniofacial Muscle Activity Genes and Abnormal Orofacial mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Where Do We Stand?

Huang

Guilleminault

2017

Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology

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Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was initially described in 1976. In 1981, Dr. Guilleminault emphasized that pediatric OSA was different from the clinical presentation reported in adults. It was characterized by more disturbed nocturnal sleep than excessive daytime sleepiness, and presented more behavioral problems, particularly school problems, hyperactivity, nocturnal enuresis, sleep terrors, depression, insomnia, and psychiatric problems. The underlying causes of pediatric OSA are complex. Such factors as adenotonsillar hypertrophy, obesity, anatomical and neuromuscular factors, and hypotonic neuromuscular disease are also involved. Adenotonsillectomy (T&A) has been the recommended treatment for pediatric OSA, but in the recent past this practice has been placed very much in question. Therefore, we will discuss the mechanism of pediatric OSA and investigate obese and nonobese pediatric sleep-disordered breathing. Moreover, the important concept that dysfunction leads to the dysmorphism that impacts on the size of the Lin H-C (ed): Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders.

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Primate experiments on oral respiration

Cited by 381 publications

References 6 publications

Relationship between chronic nasal obstruction and craniofacial growth: an experimental model

Relationship between chronic nasal obstruction and craniofacial growth: an experimental model

Oral Somatosensory Perception in Skeletal Anterior Open Bite Malocclusion.

Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Where Do We Stand?

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