Primary splenic torsion in dogs: Case report

Gomes, Mariela Sousa; Sousa, J. M. C.; Araújo, Sabrina Barros; Silva, Francisco Lima; Lima, Rebecca Tavares; Silva, Raquel Albuquerque; Pessoa, Gerson Tavares; Silva, Marinna Nérica do Nascimento e

doi:10.22256/pubvet.v11n9.917-922

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In addition to the alterations observed in the spleen parenchyma, the ultrasound was also efficient for identifying the splenic folding that occurred in one of the animals in this study, whose cause is not clear, but may be related to the rupture of the ligaments responsible for the spleen fixation due to the inflammatory process. This type of injury is widely reported in dogs, with the main reason being gastric dilation in this species (Ortiz et al 2016, Gomes et al 2017.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, and anatomopathological aspects of 30 cases of traumatic reticulosplenitis in cattle

et al. 2020

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Ingestion of metallic and/or sharp foreign bodies triggers cases of traumatic reticuloperitonitis and its sequelae in cattle. Among these sequelae, we can highlight traumatic reticulosplenitis, that has high mortality, although its frequency in the ruminant medicine is low. Therefore, based on the scarcity of information on this disease, the current study aimed to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, and pathological findings of 30 adult cattle diagnosed with traumatic reticulosplenitis. Clinical, ultrasound, and anatomopathological findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics and laboratory data were evaluated using measures of central tendency. Clinically the animals presented dehydration and alterations in behavior, appetite, and ruminal motility. Hematological findings revealed neutrophilic leukocytosis (37077.17±25004.59cell/μL) with regenerative left shift and hyperfibrinogenemia (1130±364.98mg/dL). The ultrasound examination enabled visualization of mobile and echogenic filaments that corresponded to the presence of fibrin adhesions. Displacement of the reticulum and irregularity in its contour, as well as alterations in the quantity, pattern, and amplitude of reticular contractions were also observed. Splenic alterations such as abscesses were found, characterized as circular structures of varying sizes delimited by capsules containing variable echogenicity. Splenic vein thrombosis and spleen folding were also observed. The results obtained in the current study indicated that traumatic reticulosplenitis causes nonspecific clinical signs, severe laboratory alterations and, mainly, that ultrasound is an efficient method for the diagnosis of this disease, since the anatomopathological lesions confirmed the ultrasound findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, and anatomopathological aspects of 30 cases of traumatic reticulosplenitis in cattle

et al. 2020

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“…No dia 30.06 foram realizados os primeiros exames laboratoriais. No hemograma completo, foi observado presença de anemia normocítica normocrômica (hematócrito 14,1%), fato que corrobora com os achados encontrados por Lima (2019) e por Andrade (2017) e no leucograma, constatou-se leucopenia (3,18 K/μL) por linfopenia (0,16 K/μL), diferindo dos resultados encontrados por Gomes (2017). No bioquímico sérico, na prova de função hepática, a cadela apresentou ALT (141,13 U/L) e FA (271,59 U/L), portanto, valores aumentados.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Torção-ruptura Esplênica em um canino positivo para leishmaniose (leishmania spp) e Erliquiose Canina (ehrlichia spp) / Slenic torsion-rupture in a canine positive for Leishmaniasis (leishmania spp) and Canine Erlichiosis (ehrlichia spp)

Reis¹,

Sousa²,

Franco³

et al. 2021

BJDV

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O baço é um órgão integrante do sistema imunológico e pode ser afetado por diversas patologias, desde megalia a atrofia, infecções, abscessos, neoplasias, torção e ruptura. Deu entrada em uma clínica veterinária da cidade de Imperatriz, uma cadela da raça poodle, 13 anos de idade, com quadro de êmese, apatia, anorexia e perda de peso. Para diagnóstico da torção e ruptura esplênica, foi imprescindível a realização de exames ultrassonográficos com doppler colorido, onde detectou-se o órgão fora da sua topografia habitual, aumentado, hipoecogênico, e com margens hiperecoicas e individualizadas, impedindo o trajeto normal do parênquima esplênico, sendo acompanhado com presença de líquido livre de aspecto celularizado, percorrendo toda a margem lateral do órgão. A paciente passou por esplenectomia total após agravamento do caso. O presente estudo possui por objetivo relatar a ocorrência de torção e ruptura esplênica em cadela em fase geriátrica, desde a anamnese até a extirpação esplênica.

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“…Eles afirmam que este procedimento só deve ser realizado quando os vasos esplênicos não apresentarem trombose e o baço for capaz de retrair-se ao tamanho semelhante ao normal. Todavia, a maioria dos autores é contra a manobra supracitada, com o argumento de que não há como certificar-se que o baço não irá rotar novamente, além de liberar enzimas tóxicas e debris necróticos na ciruculação sistêmica [2,7,9,12,15]. Preconizou-se não destorcer o baço para evitar a liberação de tecidos necróticos na corrente sanguínea.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A torção esplênica primária ou isolada é definida como a rotação do pedículo vascular esplênico [9,18]. É uma condição pouco frequente em cães e pode estar relacionada há anomalias congênitas, trauma com ruptura dos ligamentos gastroesplênicos ou esplenocólicos e subsequente congestão do baço [9,12,20,25]. É considerada uma emergência cirúrgica, sendo necessária uma intervenção precoce para minimizar os riscos de complicações [13,24].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Primary Splenic Torsion Associated with Accessory Spleen in a Dog

Santos

Gomes

Camargo

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Primary splenic torsion occurs when there is a splenic vascular pedicle rotation without association of other diseases, as the Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV). Accessory spleen consists in a splenic tissue fraction independent from main organ, caused by a spleen defect in the embryonic development, most remaining asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. They have their own blood supply, which is usually from a branch of the splenic artery. Present report represents a primary splenic torsion with the accessory spleen finding in a dog. Case: A 7-year-old female mongrel was referred to Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, showing pain and firm consistency in the left abdominal region, prostration and inappetence four days before the medical appointment. At the clinical examination, the patient was alert, 7% dehydration, hypocorous mucous membranes, without alteration in lymph nodes, left abdominal pain. Laboratory tests, chest radiographic and abdominal ultrasound was requested. Two images compatible with splenic image were visualized, one with a regular structure without vascularization suggesting splenic torsion and another with homogeneous parenchyma and echogenicity of the normal spleen, with vascularization signal. The animal was referred to the surgical procedure and the anesthetic induction protocol with propofol (6 mg/kg -1 ) and ketamine hydrochloride (2 mg/kg -1 ) and maintenance with total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (0.2-0.4 mg/kg -1 / min) and lidocaine (2 mg/kg -1 ), in a semi-closed loop and spontaneous ventilation. The pre-retro-umbilical incision in the ventral midline was performed, and the exploratory celiotomy was done. During the cavity exploring, a small amount of free fluid and a structure compatible with the spleen were observed. It was noted that the splenic vascular pedicle was twisted around its axis and the gastroesplenic and splenocolic ligaments were also involved. The stomach maintained its position, size and vascularization. Thus, an isolated or primary splenic torsion was characterized. The exploratory laparotomy was recommended, and the total splenectomy was the treatment of choice. The accessory spleen did not demonstrate vascular damage; therefore, was advocated the zeal in handling to preserve your integrity. Discussion: Isolated splenic torsion is a rare occurrence in dogs. A retrospective study was performed with 60 dogs presenting with non-traumatic hemoperitoneum, in which only three cases presented splenic torsion. Usually, twisting occurs in large or giant breed dogs with deep chest conformation. The etiology of splenic torsion is not well established. Primary splenic torsion is considered emergency surgery, and the prognosis is considered favorable. The literature shows no relation between the presence of the accessory spleen and the occurrence of primary splenic torsion, but both occur due to congenital defects, both of which may be correlated in this case. The accessory spleen is characterized by a defect in the embryo...

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Primary splenic torsion in dogs: Case report

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, and anatomopathological aspects of 30 cases of traumatic reticulosplenitis in cattle

Clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, and anatomopathological aspects of 30 cases of traumatic reticulosplenitis in cattle

Torção-ruptura Esplênica em um canino positivo para leishmaniose (leishmania spp) e Erliquiose Canina (ehrlichia spp) / Slenic torsion-rupture in a canine positive for Leishmaniasis (leishmania spp) and Canine Erlichiosis (ehrlichia spp)

Primary Splenic Torsion Associated with Accessory Spleen in a Dog

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