Primary sex determination

Wachtel, Stephen S.

doi:10.1002/art.1780221107

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The sex-determining region Y ( SRY ) gene is located in the sex-determining region of Y chromosome, and its sequence is highly conserved and easily adapted to quantitative assays ( Nelson, 2002 ; Harley, Clarkson & Argentaro, 2003 ). H-Y antigen, another potential marker for identification, is a male tissue-specific antigen secreted by the testis ( Wolf, 1998 ), and was previously used to determine sex of bovine embryos ( Wachtel, 1979 ). The objective of the current study was to establish an effective diagnostic approach for freemartin by either qualitative and quantitative detection of the SRY gene or quantitative detection of H-Y antigen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying real-time quantitative PCR to diagnosis of freemartin in Holstein cattle by quantifyingSRYgene: a comparison experiment

Qiu

Shao

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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BackgroundFreemartinism generally occurs in female offspring of dizygotic twins in a mixed-sex pregnancy. Most bovine heterosexual twin females are freemartins. However, about 10% of bovine heterosexual twin females are fertile. Farmers mostly cull bovine fertile heterosexual twin females due to the lack of a practical diagnostic approach. Culling of such animals results in economic and genetic-material losses both for dairy and beef industry.MethodsIn this study, a comparative test, including qualitative detection of SRY gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative detection of relative content of SRY by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and quantitative detection of H-Y antigen, was performed to establish the most accurate diagnosis for freemartin. Twelve Holstein heterosexual twin females were used in this study, while three normal Holstein bulls and three normal Holstein cows were used as a positive and negative control, respectively.ResultsPolymerase chain reaction results revealed that SRY gene were absent in three heterosexual twin females and only two of them were verified as fertile in later age. The qPCR results showed that relative content of SRY was more than 14.2% in freemartins and below 0.41% in fertile heterosexual twin females. The H-Y antigen test showed no significant numerical difference between freemartin and fertile heterosexual twin female.DiscussionOur results show that relative content of SRY quantified by qPCR is a better detection method for diagnosis of freemartin in Holstein cattle as compare to qualitative detection of SRY gene by PCR or quantitative detection of H-Y antigen. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time we applied qPCR to diagnosing freemartin by quantifying SRY gene and got relative SRY content of each freemartin and fertile heterosexual twin female. We concluded that low-level of SRY would not influence fertility of bovine heterosexual twin female.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying real-time quantitative PCR to diagnosis of freemartin in Holstein cattle by quantifyingSRYgene: a comparison experiment

Qiu

Shao

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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Gonadal tumor and H-Y antigen in 46,XY pure gonadal dysgenesis

Amice¹,

Amice²,

Bercovici

et al. 1986

Cancer

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Six cases of Swyer's syndrome (46,XY pure gonadal dysgenesis) are reported. Three patients, without gonadal tumor, had female H-Y antigen. Three patients, after gonadal tumor ablation, had intermediate H-Y antigen levels. Repeated blood samples were obtained from two siblings. H-Y antigen level in the first sibling, who presented with a gonadoblastoma and underwent a gonadectomy before the H-Y assays, was intermediate, and did not show any significant variation for 21 months. H-Y antigen level in the second sibling showed an increase in the male range, presumably due to the presence of gonadoblastomas. After resection of the tumors, H-Y antigen level became intermediate. These findings suggest a relation between the tumorization potentiality of the gonadal remnants and the H-Y antigen levels in 46,XY pure gonadal dysgenesis.

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Sexual Differentiation and Development

Clemens

Witcher

1985

The Hamster

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Primary sex determination

Cited by 13 publications

References 56 publications

Applying real-time quantitative PCR to diagnosis of freemartin in Holstein cattle by quantifyingSRYgene: a comparison experiment

Applying real-time quantitative PCR to diagnosis of freemartin in Holstein cattle by quantifyingSRYgene: a comparison experiment

Gonadal tumor and H-Y antigen in 46,XY pure gonadal dysgenesis

Sexual Differentiation and Development

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