Primary Pulmonary Hypertension: 3D Dynamic Perfusion MRI for Quantitative Analysis of Regional Pulmonary Perfusion

Abstract

Three-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI has potential for assessment of disease severity as indicated by PVR and MPAP in patients with PPH.

Dynamic MR perfusion imaging: Capability for quantitative assessment of disease extent and prediction of outcome for patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism

“…During scanning, 100 mL of a contrast material (Omnipaque 300; Daiichi-Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan or Iopamiron 300; Bayer Pharma, Osaka, Japan) was administered intravenously by means of an antecubital vein at 3-4 mL/s with a power injector (Auto Enhance; Nemoto Kyorindo Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) with an empiric scan delay of 20 s. With this protocol, high and uniform contrast enhancement was consistently achieved for the entire thorax of all patients. (26,28,30), subjects with body weight less than 70 kg were given 5 mL of gadodiamide hydrate (Gd-DTPA BMA, Omniscan; Daiichi-Sankyo) at a dose of 0.3 mmol/mL by means of a cubital vein by means of an automatic infusion system (Sonic shot; Nemoto) at a rate of 5 mL/s, followed by 20 mL of saline solution at the same rate. On the other hand, subjects with a body weight equal to or more than 70 kg, received 5 mL of the same contrast medium at a dose of 0.5 mmol/mL in the same manner and at the same rate, also followed by 20 mL of saline solution.…”

“…On the other hand, subjects with a body weight equal to or more than 70 kg, received 5 mL of the same contrast medium at a dose of 0.5 mmol/mL in the same manner and at the same rate, also followed by 20 mL of saline solution. The basic theory and application of contrast-enhanced dynamic MR perfusion imaging has been documented in previous reports (22,(26)(27)(28). For each scan, 20 images were obtained at end-inspiration of a single breath hold.…”

“…The details of data analysis and reproducibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion imaging have been described in previous reports (22,26,28,30).…”

“…In addition, quantitative assessment of contrastenhanced perfusion MRI can help assess pulmonary physiology, pathophysiology, or disease severity of various pulmonary vascular diseases (22,(26)(27)(28). With this technique, quantitatively assessed regional information of pulmonary circulation in PTE patients can be obtained in routine clinical practice.…”

Dynamic perfusion MRI: Capability for evaluation of disease severity and progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with connective tissue disease

“…Moreover, when combined with the indicator dilution theory and fuzzy cluster analysis, this method can be used for quantitative assessment of regional pulmonary perfusion abnormalities in lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease, and PAH patients, prediction of postoperative lung function in lung cancer patients (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and evaluation of disease severity in primary PAH patients (17,18). In addition, injection protocols using a small amount of bolus have also been proposed for accurate and reproducible perfusion measurements (20 -22).…”