Primary Mycotic Aneurysm in Infancy and Childhood

Mycotic aneurysm of the thoracoabdominal aorta in a child with end-stage renal disease

“…5, 9, 10 Alternatively, bacterial aortitis from hematogenous seeding most commonly results from endocarditis, pneumonia, or osteomyelitis. 7, 8 Our case represents the first reported instance of mycotic aneurysm formation secondary to SBP, although it remains unclear whether aortic infection occurred via direct extension from the peritoneal cavity or peri-aortic lymph nodes, or via hematogenous spread. Other factors which could have contributed to aortic instability in our patient include chronic steroid use and hypertension.…”

Mycotic Saccular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in an Infant after Cardiac Catheterization: A Case Report

“…12 In children, mycotic aneurysms are prone to rupture given the tendency to expand rapidly as the arterial wall deteriorates and are most commonly found in the descending thoracic aorta. 6,13 Mycotic AAA typically occurs before age 2 and commonly presents with features such as a palpable abdominal mass, poor feeding, persistent hypertension, sepsis, and/or catastrophic rupture. 2,14 Organisms commonly encountered on blood and tissue culture include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Salmonella, Pneumococcus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and Candida, with Staph species implicated most often in association with mycotic AAA.…”

“…2,14 Organisms commonly encountered on blood and tissue culture include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Salmonella, Pneumococcus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and Candida, with Staph species implicated most often in association with mycotic AAA. 2,6,7 It should be noted, however, that in many cases of children with prior bacteremia and a diagnosis of mycotic aneurysm, Gram stain and culture of the excised segment has shown no growth, owing in all likelihood to prior administration of antibiotics. 8,15,16 The pathogenesis of mycotic aortic aneurysmal disease is suspected to involve damage to the aortic luminal lining, which provides a surface that can be receptive to seeding by bacterial microemboli.…”