Primary Mycobacterium avium Complex Septic Arthritis in a Patient with AIDS

Epidemiology of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria

“…None of the M. avium complex-infected AIDS patients had preexisting pulmonary disease (267). Endobronchial (355) and intra-abdominal (424) M. avium complex infections and a case of erosive arthritis (126) have been reported in AIDS patients. Anemia (85% of patients [38]), anemia with impaired erythropoiesis (168), fever (38), night sweats (38), and diarrhea (29,38) have been associated with disseminated M. avium complex infections in AIDS patients.…”

Primary Septic Arthritis and Osteomyelitis Due toMycobacterium aviumComplex in a Patient with AIDS

“…This case illustrates that in the growing spectrum of MAC disease in the AIDS patient, septic arthritis can present in the context of disseminated disease, as a de novo infection or after local injury with inoculation. Since a response to chemotherapy was documented in all reported cases of arthritis due to MAC [1][2][3][4][5], MAC should be considered early in the differential diagnosis of subacute arthritis in patients with AIDS even in the absence of systemic mycobacterial disease. …”