Primary motor cortex function and motor skill acquisition: insights from threshold-hunting TMS

Cirillo, John; Semmler, John G.; Mooney, Ronan A.; Byblow, Winston D.

doi:10.1007/s00221-020-05791-1

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Therefore, a greater level of SICI assessed at rest using AP-compared with PA-orientation demonstrated in the present study corroborates and replicates earlier findings (Cirillo & Byblow, 2016;Cirillo et al, 2018Cirillo et al, , 2020. This result also demonstrates further evidence that SICI is mediated by the recruitment of inhibitory interneurons generating late I-waves.…”

Section: Sici Increases During MI Is Restricted To Pa Orientationsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Then, it minimizes the potential “floor/ceiling effect” when complete inhibition is observed with the conventional SICI paradigm (Cirillo & Byblow, 2016). Finally, adaptive threshold-hunting technique relies on a weaker TS intensity (see below) than conventional paradigms (usually MEP test 1mV or 120-130% rMT), which is thought to recruit more selectively early and later I-waves generating pathways (Di Lazzaro et al ., 2001; Cirillo et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To probe the influence of the Task and Orientation on intracortical inhibition, the amount of SICI (expressed in INH%) was quantified for each condition using the following equation (Fisher et al ., 2002): where positive values indicate inhibition and negative values indicate facilitation. The more positive values characterize the higher TS Intensity required to overcome the inhibitory influence of the CS and reach the MEP target amplitude (Cirillo et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Short-interval Intracortical Inhibition (Sici)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The recruitment of indirect-waves within primary motor cortex during motor imagery: A directional Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation study

Neige

Ciechelski

Lebon

2022

Preprint

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Motor imagery (MI) refers to the mental simulation of an action without any overt movement. While numerous transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies provided evidence for a modulation of corticospinal excitability and intracortical inhibition during MI, the neural signature within the primary motor cortex is not clearly established. In the current study, we used directional TMS to probe the modulation of the excitability of early and late indirect-waves (I-waves) generating pathways during MI. Corticospinal responses evoked by TMS with posterior-anterior (PA) and anterior-posterior (AP) current flow within primary motor cortex evoke preferentially early and late I-waves, respectively. Seventeen participants were instructed to stay at rest or to imagine isometric maximal contractions of the right flexor carpi radialis. We demonstrated that the increase of corticospinal excitability during MI is greater with PA than AP orientation. By using paired-pulse stimulations, we confirmed that short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) increased during MI in comparison to rest with PA orientation whereas we found that it decreased with AP orientation. Overall, these results indicate that the specific early I-waves generating pathway activated by PA orientation is probably more sensitive to the corticospinal excitability and intracortical inhibition modulations induced by MI.

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Section: Sici Increases During MI Is Restricted To Pa Orientationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Short-interval Intracortical Inhibition (Sici)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The recruitment of indirect-waves within primary motor cortex during motor imagery: A directional Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation study

Neige

Ciechelski

Lebon

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast to the effects of voluntary contraction, changes in inhibition following training were only apparent with PA stimulation (81). However, a subsequent study from this group that used the same adaptation task reported an increase in SICI following training that was specific to AP stimulation, with no change for PA stimulation (120). Despite this, each study involved different amounts of training, and the unique changes in inhibition may therefore reflect participants achieving varying stages of motor learning/motor proficiency.…”

Section: Evidence For the Independence Of I‐wave Circuits Activated With Different Current Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferential Activation of Unique Motor Cortical Networks With Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Review of the Physiological, Functional, and Clinical Evidence

Opie

Semmler

2021

Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface

Self Cite

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Physical activity, motor performance and skill learning: a focus on primary motor cortex in healthy aging

Cirillo

2021

Exp Brain Res

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Primary motor cortex function and motor skill acquisition: insights from threshold-hunting TMS

Cited by 11 publications

References 60 publications

The recruitment of indirect-waves within primary motor cortex during motor imagery: A directional Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation study

The recruitment of indirect-waves within primary motor cortex during motor imagery: A directional Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation study

Preferential Activation of Unique Motor Cortical Networks With Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Review of the Physiological, Functional, and Clinical Evidence

Physical activity, motor performance and skill learning: a focus on primary motor cortex in healthy aging

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