Primary mental health care in rural Punjab, Pakistan: Providers, and user perspectives of the effectiveness of treatments

Mirza, İlyas; Mujtaba, Muhammad; Chaudhry, H.R.; Jenkins, Rachel

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.01.028

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In a small minority of cases ( n = 3), physical beating was used as part of the treatment process (data available on request). These were similar to those described by Mirza and colleagues (2006) from this study's data on adult population. A detailed breakdown of the proportion visiting each practitioner, and perception of treatment effectiveness for the three main conditions ( n = 85) are described in Table 3.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A semi‐structured questionnaire was devised at a meeting prior to the consultation day by a group of senior psychiatrists, senior psychologists and primary care physicians (Mirza et al . 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1991). We have already reported users’ views of treatment outcomes within existing primary mental healthcare for adult population in rural Punjab (Mirza et al . 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary care treatment for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric conditions in remote rural Punjab, Pakistan – a cross‐sectional survey

Tareen

Mirza

Mujtaba

et al. 2008

Child

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There is considerable variation in treatments available for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric disorders in remote rural areas of Punjab, a large proportion of which are considered ineffective by the users and carers. This highlights the need to develop effective interventions for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric conditions that can be administered by primary health workers. Our data suggest that the need for this is greatest for mental retardation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary care treatment for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric conditions in remote rural Punjab, Pakistan – a cross‐sectional survey

Tareen

Mirza

Mujtaba

et al. 2008

Child

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“…Results of a recently published study showed that 89% people visited general practitioners (GPs) for the treatment of psychiatric illness (Mirza, Mujtaba, Chaudhry, & Jenkins, 2006). Spirituality and religion form a bridge of contact between human, a composite of body and soul, and the Creator.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric care in Asia: Spirtuality and religious connotations

Chaudhry

2008

International Review of Psychiatry

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Throughout the history of humanity it has been said that the individual ego, is a very limited form of identity. Spirituality is shaped by larger social circumstances and by the beliefs and values present in the wider culture. In Asia, as compared to other regions, people fall back on spiritualism. Mental health professionals, laymen and patients have great interest in spirituality and religious activities but still it is one of the most neglected fields of life. Spirituality and religion often are used interchangeably and it has also been described as an individual search for meaning. In psychiatry, religion and spirituality play a vital role in an individual's personal and social life. They are part of a very powerful medium to help in the healing process. Spiritual people know the meaning and goal of their life, have strong belief and firm faith in God or themselves, they can easily cope with stress and have the ability to adjust in every situation. They have satisfaction and contentment. They are less anxious and depressed and if they feel so, they try to overcome it through religious activities or rituals. Patients who depend heavily on their religious faith are significantly less depressed than those who don't. Spiritual practices foster an awareness that serves to identify and promote values such as creativity, patience, perseverance, honesty, kindness, compassion, wisdom, equanimity, hope and joy, all of which support good healthcare practice. Spirituality and religion form a bridge of contact between human, a composite of body and soul, and the Creator. Realizing this need, mental health professionals working in this field need to understand the spiritual values of patients and incorporate them in assessment and treatment.

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“…This might have led to a poorer quality of patient education in these cases as a clear plan for the treatment was not present. It has also been argued that the poor level of mental health literacy among patients could be a reason for the inadequate management of psychiatric illnesses in the country[25]. It was not our objective to pin-point the specific reasons behind this inadequate counseling but to merely determine if it is an issue of concern or not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educating and Informing Patients Receiving Psychopharmacological Medications: Are Family Physicians in Pakistan up to the Task?

et al. 2009

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IntroductionStudies have shown a high prevalence of psychiatric illnesses among patients in primary health care settings. Family physicians have a fundamental role in managing psychiatric illness with psychopharmacological medications. Providing information about the disease, its management and the potential adverse effects of the medications is an important part of the management of mental illnesses. Our objective was to determine if patients who were prescribed psychopharmacological drugs by family physicians at a community health center in Karachi, Pakistan were provided adequate education about their disease and its management.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at the Community Health Centre (CHC), Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. Details about the prescriptions and patient education were acquired from the patients after their consultations.ResultsA total of 354 adult patients were interviewed during 3 days. Among them, 73 (20.6%) were prescribed psychopharmacological medications. Among patients receiving psychopharmacological medicines, 37 (50.7%) did not know their diagnosis; 50 (68.5%) were unaware of the disease process; 52 (71.2%) were unaware of alternative treatments; 63 (86.3%) were not cautioned about the potential adverse effects of the drugs; 24 (32.9%) were unaware of the duration of treatment and in 60 (82.2%) of the participants an appropriate referral had not been discussed. For all aspects of education, patients prescribed psychopharmacological medications knew less as compared to those patients that were prescribed other medications.DiscussionThe practice of imparting information to patients who receive psychopharmacological medications seems to be inadequate in Pakistan. We have hypothesized about the possible reasons for our findings, and identified a need for further research to determine the cause for such findings and to address them accordingly. At the same time there is a need to educate family physicians in Pakistan about the special importance of providing adequate information to such patients.

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Primary mental health care in rural Punjab, Pakistan: Providers, and user perspectives of the effectiveness of treatments

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Primary care treatment for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric conditions in remote rural Punjab, Pakistan – a cross‐sectional survey

Primary care treatment for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric conditions in remote rural Punjab, Pakistan – a cross‐sectional survey

Psychiatric care in Asia: Spirtuality and religious connotations

Educating and Informing Patients Receiving Psychopharmacological Medications: Are Family Physicians in Pakistan up to the Task?

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