Primary Hepatic Carcinoid Tumours: Clinical Features with an Emphasis on Carcinoid Syndrome and Recurrence

Zhang, A; Xiang, Jingjing; Zhang, M; Zheng, Shusen

doi:10.1177/147323000803600428

Cited by 33 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…TACE is recommended for cases with unresectable and/or recurrence tumors, but the long-term survival is not usually good enough. The recurrence rate of PHCT at 5 years after resection was as high as 26% [15]. In our case, the recurrence was shown three years after operation, and then TACE was performed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Primary hepatic carcinoid tumor

Gao

et al. 2011

World J Surg Onc

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Primary hepatic carcinoid tumor is rare and poses a challenge for diagnosis and management. We presented a case of primary hepatic carcinoid tumor in a 53-year-old female with a complaint of right upper abdominal pain. Computer tomography scans revealed a hypervascular mass in segment 4 of the liver. An ultrasonography-guided biopsy showed a carcinoid tumor. No other lesions were found by the radiological investigations. Surgery resection was performed and histopathological examination revealed a primary hepatic carcinoid tumor. Three years later, recurrence was found and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization was performed. After transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, the patient has been free of symptom and had no radiological disease progression for over 6 months. Surgical resection combination with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is effective to offer excellent palliation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Primary hepatic carcinoid tumor

Gao

et al. 2011

World J Surg Onc

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“…Surgical resection, when feasible, is the preferred treatment (85% of cases), and achieves 5-year survival rates of 80–92.5% [4, 6]. However, recurrences are still very common, which would suggest that patient follow-up of longer than 5 years would be more appropriate [4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, work has been conducted to compile published case reports of PHCT in order to obtain an insight into the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this disease [4,5,6]. Most patients are asymptomatic, but some present with the carcinoid syndrome [4]. Surgical resection, when feasible, is the preferred treatment (85% of cases), and achieves 5-year survival rates of 80–92.5% [4, 6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Carcinoids of the Liver: A Review of Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatments

et al. 2008

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Introduction: To elucidate the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of primary hepatic carcinoid tumours, a literature search was conducted and summarized. Materials and Methods: Published primary hepatic carcinoid tumour case reports and series were searched and selected in the Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. Results: Sixty-nine cases meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. Twenty-eight patients were male (28/69 = 40.6%). The median age at diagnosis was 50 years (range 8–83 years). The most common presentation described was abdominal pain (23/69 = 33.3%), or no symptoms at all (16/69 = 23.2%). Symptoms of carcinoid syndrome were described in 18.9% of cases (13/69). The most frequently secreted hormones were gastrin (7/69 = 10.1%) and chromogranin A. In 31.9% of patients (22/69), surgical treatment was not adopted. Of those treated surgically, 63.8% underwent a hepatic resection (44/69) and 4.3% a liver transplantation (3/69). After a median follow-up of 31 months (range 0–180 months), 39.1% of patients (27/69) died and 52.2% (36/69) survived. Conclusions: Primary hepatic carcinoids are an important entity in which the exclusion of different primary locations is necessary. When feasible, hepatic resection is the treatment of choice. Liver transplantation has been described in a small number of unresectable cases.

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“…Almost 85% of primary hepatic carcinoid tumour patients may have a resectable disease [11,12]. Survival and recurrence tares five years after surgery are of 80-92.5% [8,13] and 18% respectively [14]. When a not well defined lesion is observed, a palliative cyto-reductive surgery in combination with transcatheter arterial embolization (TACE) and subsequent administration of lanreotide (long acting somatostatin analogue) might be effective, as Touloumis et al showed recently [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary liver carcinoid tumour with a Zollinger Ellison syndrome - an unusual diagnosis: a case report

Rascarachi

Sierra

Hernando

et al. 2009

Cases J

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Carcinoids are neuroendocrine tumours which may secrete hormones like gastrin, insulin, ACTH, etc. Liver is a common site for metastasis of carcinoid origin and an unusual site for a primary carcinoid tumour to arise.We present the case of a 51-year-old Caucasian man with diarrhoea, weight loss, duodenum ulcers and a liver mass in ultrasonography. A primary hepatic carcinoid tumour with a Zollinger Ellison syndrome was diagnosed. Surgery resection was performed and the patient remained free of symptoms two years after, with normalisation of gastrin levels.Primary hepatic carcinoid tumour represents an uncommon diagnosis, based on radiological and pathological features. The exclusion of different primary locations is necessary. Once associated with a Zollinger Ellison syndrome, diagnose may be more complicated and challenging since only 7 cases of hepatic carcinoids with gastrin secretion were reported in medical literature.A review of medical literature is performed and diagnoses tools that should be used for an accurate diagnosis and available treatment approaches are commented here.

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Primary Hepatic Carcinoid Tumours: Clinical Features with an Emphasis on Carcinoid Syndrome and Recurrence

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Primary hepatic carcinoid tumor

Primary hepatic carcinoid tumor

Primary Carcinoids of the Liver: A Review of Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatments

Primary liver carcinoid tumour with a Zollinger Ellison syndrome - an unusual diagnosis: a case report

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