Primary care interventions to reduce childhood obesity and sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption: Food for thought for oral health professionals

Dooley, Diane; Moultrie, Nicolette M.; Sites, Elsbeth; Crawford, Patricia B.

doi:10.1111/jphd.12229

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In a literature search updated on 25 May 2018 we identified six systematic reviews on interventions to reduce the consumption of SSB, including five that are focused on children and adolescents (Abdel Rahman 2017; Avery 2015; Lane 2016; Vercammen 2018; Vézina‐Im 2017), and one which includes interventions targeting all age groups (Vargas‐Garcia 2017). In addition, we identified seven non‐systematic reviews on interventions to reduce the consumption of SSB (Arsenault 2017; Dooley 2017; Evans 2017; Pomeranz 2012; Scharf 2016; Tipton 2015; Yoshida 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and their effects on health

Philipsborn

Stratil

Burns

et al. 2019

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

167

136

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BackgroundFrequent consumption of excess amounts of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSB) is a risk factor for obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and dental caries. Environmental interventions, i.e. interventions that alter the physical or social environment in which individuals make beverage choices, have been advocated as a means to reduce the consumption of SSB.ObjectivesTo assess the effects of environmental interventions (excluding taxation) on the consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and sugar‐sweetened milk, diet‐related anthropometric measures and health outcomes, and on any reported unintended consequences or adverse outcomes.Search methodsWe searched 11 general, specialist and regional databases from inception to 24 January 2018. We also searched trial registers, reference lists and citations, scanned websites of relevant organisations, and contacted study authors.Selection criteriaWe included studies on interventions implemented at an environmental level, reporting effects on direct or indirect measures of SSB intake, diet‐related anthropometric measures and health outcomes, or any reported adverse outcome. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non‐randomised controlled trials (NRCTs), controlled before‐after (CBA) and interrupted‐time‐series (ITS) studies, implemented in real‐world settings with a combined length of intervention and follow‐up of at least 12 weeks and at least 20 individuals in each of the intervention and control groups. We excluded studies in which participants were administered SSB as part of clinical trials, and multicomponent interventions which did not report SSB‐specific outcome data. We excluded studies on the taxation of SSB, as these are the subject of a separate Cochrane Review.Data collection and analysisTwo review authors independently screened studies for inclusion, extracted data and assessed the risks of bias of included studies. We classified interventions according to the NOURISHING framework, and synthesised results narratively and conducted meta‐analyses for two outcomes relating to two intervention types. We assessed our confidence in the certainty of effect estimates with the GRADE framework as very low, low, moderate or high, and presented ‘Summary of findings’ tables.Main resultsWe identified 14,488 unique records, and assessed 1030 in full text for eligibility. We found 58 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, including 22 RCTs, 3 NRCTs, 14 CBA studies, and 19 ITS studies, with a total of 1,180,096 participants. The median length of follow‐up was 10 months. The studies included children, teenagers and adults, and were implemented in a variety of settings, including schools, retailing and food service establishments. We judged most studies to be at high or unclear risk of bias in at least one domain, and most studies used non‐randomised designs. The studies examine a broad range of interventions, and we present results for these separately.Labelling interventions (8 studies): We found moderate‐certainty evidence that traffic‐light labelli...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and their effects on health

Philipsborn

Stratil

Burns

et al. 2019

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

167

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Prior reviews are limited by their emphasis on older children and narrow scope (i.e. focus on a single setting) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of strategies to reduce sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption among 0‐year to 5‐year olds

et al. 2018

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“…Interestingly, the EYTO-Kids project yielded a significant reduction in the percentage of children who consumed soft drinks, such as soda, compared with the control group. Consequently, the EYTO-Kids project contributed to a decrease in soft drink consumption according to the WHO’s guidelines39 as a method to reduce rates of overweight and obesity and improve oral health 40. In contrast, as a result of the EYTO-Kids project, 37.8% of the children consumed sugary drinks each day, whereas in a Spanish study, only 17% of boys and 13% of girls (11 years) reported daily consumption of sugary drinks during 2013–2014 33…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a youth-led social marketing intervention run by adolescents to encourage healthy lifestyles among younger school peers (EYTO-Kids project): a parallel-cluster randomised controlled pilot study

Tarro

Llauradó

Aceves‐Martins

et al. 2019

J Epidemiol Community Health

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BackgroundEncouraging healthy lifestyles in children is a challenge. This project aimed to improve lifestyles of younger peers by engaging adolescent creators (ACs) to design and implement peer-led and social marketing (SM) health-promoting activities.MethodsA 10-month parallel-cluster randomised controlled school-based pilot study was performed in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Reus (Spain) spanning two academic years (2015–2016/2016–2017). Eight primary schools (n=375 children) and four high schools (n=94ACs) were randomly placed in the intervention group. The 94 ACs (12–14 years) designed and implemented four SM activities for their younger peers (9–11 years). Eight primary schools (n=327 children) and three high schools (n=98 adolescents) served as the control group and received no intervention. Primary (physical activity and fruit consumption) and secondary outcomes (screen time, vegetables, soft drinks, sweets and fast food consumptions) were assessed with validated questionnaires at baseline and at the end of the study.ResultsAfter 10 months, fruit consumption and physical activity were maintained in the children who consumed ≥1 fruit/day and spent ≥6 hours/week physical activity. However, compared with the controls, the intervention significantly increased the physical activity of girls to 15.6 min/week, whereas the percentage of girls who consumed sweets, soft drinks and fast food decreased significantly by 8.4%, 14.5% and 5.9%, respectively. Additionally, the percentage of ≥2 hour/weekday of screen time by boys decreased significantly by 8.2%.ConclusionThe European Youth Tackling Obesity-Kids, SM and peer-led intervention, effectively increased physical activity hours/week in girls, but was not effective in improving the percentage of children who consumed the recommended fruit. Moreover, the percentages of girls who consumed sweets, soft drinks and fast food and boys screen time decreased.Trial registration numberNCT02702336; Pre-results.

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Primary care interventions to reduce childhood obesity and sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption: Food for thought for oral health professionals

Cited by 26 publications

References 61 publications

Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and their effects on health

Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and their effects on health

A systematic review of strategies to reduce sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption among 0‐year to 5‐year olds

Impact of a youth-led social marketing intervention run by adolescents to encourage healthy lifestyles among younger school peers (EYTO-Kids project): a parallel-cluster randomised controlled pilot study

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