Primary Cardiac Lymphoma Diagnosed by Transvenous Biopsy Under Transesophageal Echocardiographic Guidance and Treated with Systemic Chemotherapy

Primary cardiac lymphoma

“…It is useful to evaluate the presence or the extent of intracardiac mass [2,5,6,8,10,11,19,27,[30][31][32][33][34]36,39,40,43,[46][47][48]53,54]. Despite its usefulness, CT has failed to demonstrate cardiac masses in some cases [10,11,15,21,22,28,29].…”

“…Transvenous biopsy guided by echocardiography has been useful for the diagnosis of PCL [35,42,49,54]. It is considered a very advantageous technique for PCL diagnosis [5,6], although it may be unsuccessful in some cases [48].…”

“…The main regimen used has been CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) [28,54]. Patients are at risk of death secondary to tissue necrosis after their first cycle of chemotherapy, mainly in cases with myocardial infiltration [28].…”

The diagnosis of primary cardiac lymphoma by right heart catheterization and biopsy using fluoroscopic and transthoracic echocardiographic guidance

“…If cytology is not available, diagnosis is usually determined by cardiac tissue biopsy. Previous reports of methods used to diagnose intracardiac masses described open heart surgery, pericardial and myocardial biopsy during pericardiocentesis, and transvenous biopsy under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance [5][6][7]. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of cardiac lymphoma diagnosed transvenously using only fluoroscopy and transthoracic echocardiography.…”

Primary Cardiac B-cell Lymphoma in Both Atria

“…Primary cardiac lymphoma commonly appears as mass formation and rarely appears as a hypertrophic ventricular wall [1]. There has been only one case report of primary cardiac lymphoma with diffusely thickened atria [2], and to our knowledge, this is the second case of cardiac lymphoma with a hypertrophic atrial wall.…”