Primary Breast Cancer in Men: Clinical, Imaging, and Pathologic Findings in 57 Patients

Mathew, Jean; Perkins, George H.; Stephens, T.W.; Middleton, Lavinia P.; Yang, Wei Tse

doi:10.2214/ajr.08.1076

Cited by 80 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with the previous reports (1,24). The location of the mass in respect of the nipple could be a determining factor.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…adenosis-fibroadenoma, fibrocystic change and lobular carcinoma) are also rare (1,21,24). Thus, it is very important that well-circumscribed masses should be considered as candidates for malignancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcifications were found in 7%-31% of male breast cancer patients in different studies (1,24). Calcifications that are generally considered as benign in women may be an indicator of malignancy in men (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Efficiency of Imaging Modalities in Male Breast Disease: Can Ultrasound Give Additional Information for Assessment of Gynecomastia Evolution?

Sarıca

Kahraman

Öztürk

et al. 2018

Eur J Breast Health

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“…These findings are consistent with the previous reports (1,24). The location of the mass in respect of the nipple could be a determining factor.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efficiency of Imaging Modalities in Male Breast Disease: Can Ultrasound Give Additional Information for Assessment of Gynecomastia Evolution?

Sarıca

Kahraman

Öztürk

et al. 2018

Eur J Breast Health

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“…As compared to the female breast, breast malignancy rapidly progresses to advanced stages in the male since the parenchyma is inadequate, showing secondary symptoms such as nipple retraction, fixation to deep tissues, skin ulceration and lymphadenopathy (18). The most common forms are invasive ductal carcinoma (85% of cases), papillary carcinoma and lymphoma (36). Breast cancer usually occurs in a subareolar location or a site that causes alteration of the nipple, and they are rarely located peripherally (37).…”

Section: Malignant Diseases Of the Breastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammography Findings of Male Breast Diseases

Şafak¹

2015

J Breasth Health

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Over the past 2 decades, the percentage of men presenting with breast complaints has increased from 0.8% to 2.4%, and men now account for 1% of all breast cancer cases. The most common male breast mass is gynecomastia, followed by lipoma and epidermal inclusion cysts. Because there is a paucity of parenchyma as compared with the female breast, the malignancy rapidly progresses to the next stage, with the appearance of secondary signs like nipple retraction, fixation to deeper tissues, skin ulceration or adenopathy. Diagnostic evaluation is needed only when the palpable mass is unilateral, hard, fixed, peripheral to the nipple, or associated with nipple discharge, skin changes, or lymphadenopathy. Male breast cancer usually occurs in a subareolar location or is positioned eccentric to the nipple; occasionally, it occurs in a peripheral position. Secondary signs like skin thickening, nipple retraction, and axillary lymphadenopathy may be seen. Microcalcifications can occur. Mammography can accurately distinguish between malignant and benign male breast disease. Radiologists are generally less familiar with breast disease in males compared with females. In this article, we discuss the clinical, and mammographic features of a variety of benign and malignant diseases that can occur in the male breast.

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“…Several risk factors have been identified for male breast cancer including age, family history (BRCA2), exposure to radiation, cryptorchidism, testicular injury, Klinefelter syndrome, liver dysfunction, and chest trauma [4]. The most common forms are invasive ductal carcinoma (85% of cases), papillary carcinoma (5%), and lymphoma [16]. On ultrasound, invasive ductal carcinoma appears as a solid mass, which is usually hypoechoic (Fig.…”

Section: Malignant Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonography of the male breast

Draghi

Tarantino

Madonia

et al. 2011

Journal of Ultrasound

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KEYWORDSBreast; Male breast; Ultrasonography.Abstract The male breast has been insufficiently explored in the medical literature, particularly that dealing with ultrasonography, although this topic is almost as vast and varied as that of the female breast. The purpose of this article is to provide a schematic review of the most frequent breast lesions encountered in males and their sonographic appearances. After a brief introduction on the anatomy of the male breast, the authors review the non-neoplastic (gynecomastia, pseudogynecomastia, cysts, inflammatory diseases, and Mondor disease) and neoplastic (benign and malignant) lesions encountered in this organ.Sommario La mammella maschile, seppur scarsamente trattata nella letteratura medica e in particolare in quella ecografica, rappresenta un argomento vasto e vario quasi quanto lo è la mammella femminile. Scopo di questo lavoro è inquadrare in modo schematico ed esaustivo le più frequenti lesioni mammarie nell'uomo e i rispettivi aspetti ecografici. Dopo una breve introduzione relativa all'anatomia della mammella maschile sono valutate prima le lesioni non neoplastiche, tra cui la ginecomastia, la pseudoginecomastia, le cisti, le patologie infiammatorie e la malattia di Mondor, quindi le neoplasie benigne e, in ultima istanza, quelle maligne. ª

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Primary Breast Cancer in Men: Clinical, Imaging, and Pathologic Findings in 57 Patients

Abstract: Breast cancer in men characteristically presents as an irregular subareolar mass with spiculated or indistinct margins on mammography and can be associated with calcifications and gynecomastia. Sonography has a role in regional staging of lymph nodes.

Cited by 80 publications

References 15 publications

Efficiency of Imaging Modalities in Male Breast Disease: Can Ultrasound Give Additional Information for Assessment of Gynecomastia Evolution?

Efficiency of Imaging Modalities in Male Breast Disease: Can Ultrasound Give Additional Information for Assessment of Gynecomastia Evolution?

Mammography Findings of Male Breast Diseases

Ultrasonography of the male breast

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