Between 1958 and 1969, 251 patients were treated at Radiumhemmet in Stockholm for adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. The histologic specimens were reevaluated. In the 211 cases of pure adenocarcinoma, the 5-year survival rate was compared with that in the total of cervical epithelial malignancies. The rate was lower in the adenocarcinoma cases, with respective crude 5-year survival rates of 84%, 50%, and 9% in Stages I, II, and III. Two modes of treatment, irradiation alone or irradiation plus radical surgery, were used in Stages IB and IIA. The combined treatment gave significantly improved 5-year survival rates.