Priapism in boys

Resnick, Martin I.; Holland, James M.; King, Lowell R.; Grayhack, John T.

doi:10.1016/0090-4295(75)90073-4

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This therapy is rarely, if ever, curative. For most patients, it provides rapid symptomatic relief as well as a temporary respite from tumor advancement leading to a slight, but significant increase in survival (Resnick and Grayhack, 1975;Murphy and Slack, 1980). Unfortunately for these patients, a subpopulation of the cancer cells are resistant to hormonal therapy, and it is these hormoneresistant cancer cells that are responsible for the predictable recurrence experienced by advanced prostate cancer patients following hormonal treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emergence of protocadherin-PC expression during the acquisition of apoptosis-resistance by prostate cancer cells

et al. 2002

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emergence of protocadherin-PC expression during the acquisition of apoptosis-resistance by prostate cancer cells

et al. 2002

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“…3) may be interesting lead compounds in the design and synthesis of specific inhibitors of the C 17,20 -lyase activity [194]. They showed over 10-fold difference in activity between 17 -hydroxylase and C 17,20 -lyase activities, despite the fact that all of them showed weaker inhibitory activity when compared to ketoconazole (2) [IC 50 Table 4, entries 28-29). Compound 60 (Fig.…”

Section: Imidazole Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many instances, a malignant prostatic tumor is an overgrowth of adult prostatic epithelial cells [50]. Huggins et al introduced androgen deprivation as therapy (ADT) for advanced and metastatic PC in 1941 [22,23] and ever since androgen deprivation has been the standard for advanced PC treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Huggins et al introduced androgen deprivation as therapy (ADT) for advanced and metastatic PC in 1941 [22,23] and ever since androgen deprivation has been the standard for advanced PC treatment. At least 80% of the human PCs show a favourable response to androgen deprivation as evidenced by the disappearance of symptoms or a decline of PSA levels [46,50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CYP17 Inhibitors for Prostate Cancer Treatment – An Update

Moreira

Salvador²,

Vasaitis³

et al. 2008

CMC

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It is almost 70 years since the discovery by Huggins et al. that androgens are essential for prostate cancer (PC) growth and progression, and there has been about 30 years experience using ketoconazole for PC therapy. Since then we have come a long way in learning about the disease and developing new strategies to approach it, among which is cytochrome 17alpha-hydroxylase-C(17,20)-lyase (CYP17) inhibition. This review focuses on the efforts to find prospective CYP17 inhibitors, both steroidal and nonsteroidal, in the absence of a 3D structure of the enzyme. It covers almost 4 decades of literature with highlights on the most significant achievements in this area, providing insight into PC pathophysiology, management and treatment options.

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“…After the pioneering studies of Huggins and Hodges (1), most of the efforts during the last 40 years have been aimed at eliminating the influence of testicular androgens on the growth of the cancer by surgical castration or by treatment with estrogens, which causes a decrease in circulating androgens. Such treatments provide a temporary objective and/or subjective improvement in 60%-70% of cases of advanced prostate cancer (2,3). However, surgical castration is not always well accepted by patients, and treatment with estrogens causes serious cardiovascular complications, which often offset the benefits (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous administration of pure antiandrogens, a combination necessary for the use of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Labrie¹,

Dupont²,

Bélanger³

et al. 1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although castration levels of serum androgens are consistently achieved after 2-3 weeks of treatment with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists, the administration of these peptides alone in adult men is always accompanied by a transient increase in plasma testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels, which lasts for 5-15 days at the beginning of treatment and is accompanied by disease flare-up in some cases, thus seriously limiting the acceptability of this otherwise efficient and well-tolerated treatment. The present data show that the simultaneous administration of a pure antiandrogen neutralizes the influence of the transient increase in serum androgens on prostate cancer, as indicated by the 60% decrease in serum prostatic acid phosphatase observed within 5 days of combined treatment with an LHRH agonist and a pure antiandrogen. The addition of a pure antiandrogen thus makes fully acceptable the use of LHRH agonists as an advantageous substitute for surgical castration and estrogens in the treatment of prostate cancer.Cancer of the prostate is the second cause of death due to cancer in men, with an estimated minimum of 60,000 newly diagnosed cases annually in the United States. After the pioneering studies of Huggins and Hodges (1), most of the efforts during the last 40 years have been aimed at eliminating the influence of testicular androgens on the growth of the cancer by surgical castration or by treatment with estrogens, which causes a decrease in circulating androgens. Such treatments provide a temporary objective and/or subjective improvement in 60%-70% of cases of advanced prostate cancer (2, 3). However, surgical castration is not always well accepted by patients, and treatment with estrogens causes serious cardiovascular complications, which often offset the benefits (4). There was thus the need for a more acceptable, well-tolerated, and possibly more efficient form of hormonal therapy.The observation that treatment of experimental animals with luteinizing hormone-relasing hormone (LHRH) agonists causes a marked inhibition of testosterone secretion, accompanied by a decrease in prostate weight (5), offered the possibility of a new approach in the treatment of prostate cancer. Fortunately, among the species studied, man is the most sensitive to the inhibitory action of LHRH agonists on testicular androgen formation, and thus medical castration can be easily achieved (5-10). Although the chronic administration of these peptides in adult men completely blocks testicular androgen formation with no secondary effects other than those related to hypoandrogenicity, a serious limitation pertains to the transient increase in serum androgen levels, which lasts for 5-15 days at the beginning of treatment. This increase in serum androgens is accompanied by disease flare-up in a significant proportion of cases (9), thus seriously limiting the use of LHRH agonists alone in treating prostate cancer, at least during the first 2 weeks of treatment.The present study shows that the simultaneous...

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Priapism in boys

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

The emergence of protocadherin-PC expression during the acquisition of apoptosis-resistance by prostate cancer cells

The emergence of protocadherin-PC expression during the acquisition of apoptosis-resistance by prostate cancer cells

CYP17 Inhibitors for Prostate Cancer Treatment – An Update

Simultaneous administration of pure antiandrogens, a combination necessary for the use of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists in the treatment of prostate cancer.

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