Prevention of selenite cataract by vitamin C

Devamanoharan, P.S.; Henein, M.; Morris, Steven M.; Ramachandran, Sankar; Richards, Richard D.; Varma, Shambhu D.

doi:10.1016/0014-4835(91)90057-l

Cited by 92 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The role of oxidative stress in selenite-induced cataract formation has been previously reported (5,19). Selenite causes oxidation of the components of the cell, including the proteins, and forms covalent linkage with protein sulfhydryl (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous medical treatment methods were employed to prevent selenite-induced cataractogenesis, including Vitamin C, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, alpha-ketoglutarate, Ginkgo biloba, quercetin, propolis, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (5)(6)(7)19,21,22). Among NSAIDs, the antioxidant effects of naproxen and diclofenac in selenite-induced cataractogenesis have been shown (19,21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects Of Erdosteine On Oxidative-Antioxidative Equilibrium And On Cataract Formation In Rat Pups With Selenite-Induced Cataract

2007

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Aim: To investigate whether erdosteine supplementation following selenite exposure affects oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium and prevents cataract formation in rat pups.Methods: Thirty-nine Wistar-albino rat pups were divided into 3 groups. In Group 1 (n=16) only s.c saline was injected. In Group 2 (n=10) subcutaneous (s.c.) sodium selenite (30 nmol / g body weight) was injected on postpartum day 10. In Group 3 (n=13) s.c. sodium selenite (30 nmol/g body weight) were injected on postpartum day 10 and oral erdosteine (10 mg/kg body weight, daily for one week) was administered by gavage thereafter. The development of cataract was assessed weekly. The density of cataract was graded by slit-lamp biomicroscopy. On day 21, the blood was collected and lenses were removed. Oxidative stress index (OSI) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined in the lenses of the rat pups. Paraoxonase-1 (PON 1) activity was determined in the sera.Results: All of the lenses of rat pups in Group 1 remained clean. All rat pups developed dense nuclear opacity in Group 2. Eight out of 13 rat pups developed slight nuclear opacity in Group 3. Differences among the groups were statistically significant (p<0.05). Group 2 lenses had higher mean OSI level than that of Group 3 lenses (p=0.003). Group 2 lenses lower mean TAC levels than that of Group 3 (not significant). Mean PON 1 level of Group 2 was lower than that of Group 3 (p<0.05).Conclusion: Erdosteine diminishes the incidence of cataract due to its protection of the antioxidant defense system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects Of Erdosteine On Oxidative-Antioxidative Equilibrium And On Cataract Formation In Rat Pups With Selenite-Induced Cataract

2007

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“…Accumulation of H 2 O 2 and decreased GSH are observed in both the selenite-induced cataracts and human cataracts (37). Devamanoharan et al reported that treatment with vitamin C had a preventive effect on selenite-induced cataracts in rat pups (14). However, in their study vitamin C and selinite were both administered intraperitoneally and the vitamin C may have Thirteen-day old rats were instilled with 5 mL of the formulations into both eyes at 1.5 h before sodium selenite-injection (19 mmol/kg) and 4 times per day after sodium selenite-injection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analyses of the lenses and aqueous humor from the eye of patients with senile cataracts has demonstrated increased hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) levels (9) and decreased reduced form of glutathione (GSH) levels (10) accompanied by extensive damages of protein (3,11), lipid (12) and DNA (1), suggesting the participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS scavengers such as vitamin C (13,14), vitamin E (15,16), or GSH (17) inhibited the onset of cataracts and protected the crystalline protein of the lens. These studies suggest the possible use of agents that suppress ROS formation for the therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of cataracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Effect of Eye Drops of Liposomes Containing Disulfiram and Cefmetazole on Selenite-Induced Cataract in Rat Pups

et al. 2006

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Disulfiram (DSF) and cefmetazole (CMZ), which possess with anti-oxidative activities were tested for anti-cataract effect in rats and were compared with pirenoxine (PRX), which is a marketed product used for the treatment of cataract. These compounds were encapsulated in liposomes and the results were compared with the anti-cataract effect of suspension and solution formulations containing same contents of each other agents. Instillations of DSF-and CMZ-liposomes prevented the development of cataract in seleniteinjected rat pups. On the other hand, no anti-cataract effects were observed in selenite-induced cataract rats instilled with DSF suspensions and CMZ solutions. The reduced form of glutathione (GSH) content of the lenses was decreased by approximately 60% of normal level 96 h after the sodium selenite-injection and the calcium (Ca 2+ ) content was increased. The decreased GSH and increased Ca 2+ levels were prevented by instillation of DSF-and CMZliposomes. Instillation of PRX-liposomes and 0.03% PRX solution had no effect on the development of cataract. The results of this study confirmed that anti-oxidative agents such as DSF and CMZ were useful to prevent cataract development related to oxidative stress.

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“…We must consider the possibility that the products of metabolic pathways in lens cells are important for maintenance of normal Tc. Indeed, it was recently reported that ascorbate, an endogenous metabolite in lens cells and an effective PSI (39), had a preventative effect on the selenite cataract (40). Abnormal changes in the metabolite concentration resulting from alteration in normal metabolism may produce a measurable effect on Tc and be preventable by the action of PSI.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-separation inhibitors and prevention of selenite cataract.

Clark

Steele

1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The variation of the phase-separation temperature (Td) was studied in lenses during formation of cataracts induced by a subcutaneous ihfection of sodium selenite. In normal control animals, the Tc decreased monotonically with increasing age. Approximately 2 days after administration of the selenite the T, decreased sharply to a minimum, and then at day 4 the Tc increased dramatically toward body temperature. Mature irreversible cataracts formed -6 days after injection of the selenite. (18)(19)(20)(21). The effect of WR-77913 on x-ray cataract was not entirely unexpected because the amino phosphorothioates are believed to behave as free-radical scavengers (17). The inhibition of the x-ray cataract could be explained as protection against oxidative damage to lens cells caused by free radicals as well as an effect on T, (17,22).It was not anticipated that WR-77913 would prevent cataract produced by selenite. In contrast to the x-ray cataract, T, was reported to decrease rather than increase in the selenite cataract (23). Selenite-induced opacity was associated with lenticular accumulation of calcium (24, 25) rather than free-radical formation. Oxidation of protein sulfhydryls was observed in the late stages of cataract formation (24,26,27), although oxidation of epithelial cells may be important at earlier stages of cataract formation. The differences between the x-ray and selenite mechanisms make the selenite model an interesting test for the effectiveness of WR-77913 as a PSI in vivo. In this report we show a remarkable observation: the chemical inhibition of abnormal changes in Tc, in vivo, is sufficient for the effective prevention of selenite cataract in rats. While it is possible that the properties of WR-77913 as a PSI may have nothing to do with its mode of action in preventing selenite cataract, we present direct evidence that reagents acting in vivo on a cytoplasmic phase separation have the potential to control and prevent formation of cataract. was administered by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 820 mg/kg 15 min prior to the injection ofPBS only (control group B) or sodium selenite (group D). At various times, upl to 9 days after treatments, animals from each group were euthanized. Lenses were removed and placed in silicone oil in the temperature-controlled sample chamber (see Fig. 2). The T" was measured immediately. MATERIALS AND METHODS

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Prevention of selenite cataract by vitamin C

Cited by 92 publications

References 17 publications

Effects Of Erdosteine On Oxidative-Antioxidative Equilibrium And On Cataract Formation In Rat Pups With Selenite-Induced Cataract

Effects Of Erdosteine On Oxidative-Antioxidative Equilibrium And On Cataract Formation In Rat Pups With Selenite-Induced Cataract

Preventive Effect of Eye Drops of Liposomes Containing Disulfiram and Cefmetazole on Selenite-Induced Cataract in Rat Pups

Phase-separation inhibitors and prevention of selenite cataract.

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