Prevention of Salmonella Typhimurium colonization and organ invasion by combination treatment in broiler chicks

Abstract

The effects in broiler chicks of treatment with a competitive exclusion (CE) product, an experimental dietary probiotic, and the abiotic beta-glucan on cecal colonization, organ invasion, and serum and intestinal IgG and IgA levels to Salmonella challenge was evaluated. Four groups of 1-d-old chicks were treated by oral gavage on d 1 with an appropriate dose of a commercial CE product. Three groups received daily doses of probiotic, beta-glucan, or both, for 6 d. Three other groups were fed daily from d 1 onwards with probiotic, beta-glucan, or both. Subgroups of 30 chicks from each group were challenged on d 1, 9, 16, or 23 with 10(7) cfu/ mL of Salmonella Typhimurium (1769NR) and killed 7 d later. Control groups were maintained untreated and remained unchallenged (negative control), or were challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium (1769NR; positive control), as described above. Cecum, liver, and spleen samples were examined for the presence of Salmonella, whereas serum and intestinal fluid samples were assayed for total antibody (IgG and IgA) concentrations. Data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA, and means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test. In comparison with other treatments, those involving CE product and beta-glucan, with or without probiotic during the first week, resulted in a superior inhibition of cecal colonization and organ invasion by Salmonella and also offered a higher level of protection (P < 0.05). During the second week, treatments containing experimental dietary probiotic and beta-glucan, with or without CE product, resulted in an inhibition of liver invasion (P < 0.05). The IgA levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in intestinal fluid compared with serum, whereas IgG had low levels. The results in the first and third week indicate that combination treatments involving CE product, probiotic, and beta-glucan are a more effective control of Salmonella colonization than the corresponding individual preparations.

A Trial to Prevent Salmonella Enteritidis Infection in Broiler Chickens Using Autogenous Bacterin Compared with Probiotic Preparation

“…Moreover, Lee et al, (2007); Rowghani et al, (2007) and Alkhalf et al (2010) reported that broiler chickens fed a diet supplemented with probiotic had a significant increase in the Newcastle antibody titers than control group. The enhancement of immunity in S. Enteritidis-probiotic treated birds was recorded by Wafaa et al, (2006) and Revolledo et al, (2009). The positive effect of feeding diet containing probiotic on the immune response indicates the enhancement of the formulating bacteria on an acquired immune response exerted by T and B lymphocytes.…”

“…Probiotics consist of live or dead organisms and spores (Patterson and Burkholder 2003), non-traditional chemicals (Moore et al, 2006), bacteriophages (Higgins et al, 2005), organic acids (Jarquin et al, 2007;Wolfenden et al, 2007) and others have emerged in the last decades as some of the tools that could be potentially useful in the near future for pathogen control and poultry performance. Probiotics are used now safely to prevent enteric infections especially with S. Enteritidis in newly hatched chicks with successful results (Soerjadi et al, 1981;Fuller 1997;Tellez et al, 2001;Ayed et al, 2004;Wafaa et al, 2006;Higgins et al, 2007a, b;Revolledo et al, 2009). …”

Effect of Dietary <i>Bacillus Subtilis </i>C14 and RX7 Strains on Growth Performance, Blood Parameter, and Intestinal Microbiota in Broiler Chickens Challenged with <i>Salmonella Gallinarum</i>

“…Currently there is a lack of useful information regarding the role of B. subtilis in S. gallinarum infection. However, the response of broilers in T1 and T2 groups was similar to that described by Revolledo et al (2009), who demonstrated that a mixture of Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Bifidobacteria could activate the levels of total IgA in the intestinal fluid after infection with S. typhimurium. Lee et al (2010) have also reported that dietary B. subtilis-based probiotics could reduce the clinical symptoms of coccidiosis and enhance immunity of broilers against challenges with Eimeria maxima.…”

Influence of consumption of probiotics on presence of enterobacteria in the oral cavity

“…Previously, only total IgA levels have been shown to be influenced by probiotic consumption. Revolledo et al 17 observed an increase in total IgA levels in serum and intestinal fluid of chickens that received probiotic supplements, and Lara-Villoslada et al 18 observed an increase in total IgA in feces and saliva of children who used products with Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 and L. gasseri CECT5714.…”

“…The predominance of these species in the oral cavity has already been related, 15 and some authors suggest that the fimbria is an important virulence factor, being responsible for bacterial adherence and persistence. 16 Although many studies have shown that probiotics can improve cellular and humoral immune responses, 17,18 significant effects of probiotics on the level of secretory antibodies against enterobacteria have not been demonstrated. Previously, only total IgA levels have been shown to be influenced by probiotic consumption.…”