Prevention of iron deficiency by milk fortification. II A field trial with a full-fat acidified milk

Stekel, A; Olivares, Manuel; Cayazzo, Marisol; Chadud, P; Llaguno, S; Pizarro, Fernando

doi:10.1093/ajcn/47.2.265

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Food vehicles chosen varied for each micronutrient fortification and are described in detail in the relevant section. For the 125 RCTs included in this review, randomization and allocation concealment were adequate in 41 of the studies [33-37,56,60,63,65,68,69,72],[75,77,83,88,92,97,99,101],[103,107,108,112,113,115,116,122],[125,127,132,135,139,140,142,143],[146,147,188,214,217], information regarding attrition rates was adequately discussed with reasons in 110 studies [33-39,41-44,47,48,51,53,54,56],[59,60,62,63,65,67-73,75-77,81-83],[85,86,88-90,92,93,96-104,107-109,111-117],[119-127,129,130,132-136,139-144,171,173,175],[176,178-180,182,187,188,192,194,201],[…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micronutrient fortification of food and its impact on woman and child health: a systematic review

2013

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BackgroundVitamins and minerals are essential for growth and metabolism. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 2 billion people are deficient in key vitamins and minerals. Groups most vulnerable to these micronutrient deficiencies are pregnant and lactating women and young children, given their increased demands. Food fortification is one of the strategies that has been used safely and effectively to prevent vitamin and mineral deficiencies.MethodsA comprehensive search was done to identify all available evidence for the impact of fortification interventions. Studies were included if food was fortified with a single, dual or multiple micronutrients and impact of fortification was analyzed on the health outcomes and relevant biochemical indicators of women and children. We performed a meta-analysis of outcomes using Review Manager Software version 5.1.ResultsOur systematic review identified 201 studies that we reviewed for outcomes of relevance. Fortification for children showed significant impacts on increasing serum micronutrient concentrations. Hematologic markers also improved, including hemoglobin concentrations, which showed a significant rise when food was fortified with vitamin A, iron and multiple micronutrients. Fortification with zinc had no significant adverse impact on hemoglobin levels. Multiple micronutrient fortification showed non-significant impacts on height for age, weight for age and weight for height Z-scores, although they showed positive trends. The results for fortification in women showed that calcium and vitamin D fortification had significant impacts in the post-menopausal age group. Iron fortification led to a significant increase in serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels in women of reproductive age and pregnant women. Folate fortification significantly reduced the incidence of congenital abnormalities like neural tube defects without increasing the incidence of twinning. The number of studies pooled for zinc and multiple micronutrients for women were few, though the evidence suggested benefit. There was a dearth of evidence for the impact of fortification strategies on morbidity and mortality outcomes in women and children.ConclusionFortification is potentially an effective strategy but evidence from the developing world is scarce. Programs need to assess the direct impact of fortification on morbidity and mortality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 41 [25,26,28,30-32,35,39,48,49],[54,56,57,65,70,77,80,81],[83,85,88,89,97,99,101,104],[106-108,112-114,116,120,124,126],[127,129,135,136,139] studies reported outcomes for impact of iron fortification. Four of the studies were before-after studies and the rest were RCTs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrient fortification of food and its impact on woman and child health: a systematic review

2013

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“…También con compuestos que promuevan su absorción. Es el caso de la encapsulación mixta de hierro hemo/no hemo 22,23 , ya que el hierro hemo promueve la absorción de hierro no hemo 24 , ácido ascórbico (Figura 1A) que aumenta la absorción de hierro no hemo 25 , o simplemente entregar dosis de varios micronutrientes esenciales como es el caso de las chispitas o "sprinkles" 26 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Encapsulación de hierro: Otra estrategia para la prevención o tratamiento de la anemia por deficiencia de hierro

et al. 2017

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“…Entre elas, a fortificação dos alimentos que compõem a dieta básica da população-alvo tem demonstrado excelentes resultados 8,10,11,17 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fortificação do leite fluido na prevenção e tratamento da anemia carencial ferropriva em crianças menores de 4 anos

et al. 1996

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ResumoObservou-se a eficácia da fortificação do leite fluido com 3 mg de ferro aminoácido quelato no combate à carência de ferro em crianças menores de quatro anos. Foram acompanhadas 269 crianças que receberam, durante 12 meses, um litro de leite fortificado por dia, e que foram avaliadas a cada 6 meses de acompanhamento. Antes de se iniciar a intervenção, a anemia estava presente em 62,3% das crianças. Após 6 meses, este percentual reduziu-se a 41,8% e, ao final de um ano, a 26,4%. As maiores reduções foram detectadas nas faixas etárias de 12 a 23 meses e em menores de um ano. Das crianças que apresentavam hemoglobinas iniciais inferiores a 9,5 g/dl, 59,3% recuperaramse da anemia ao final de um ano de acompanhamento. Naquelas com hemoglobinas iniciais entre 9,5 e 10,9 g/dl, o percentual de recuperação da anemia foi de 66,7%. Encontrou-se, ainda, melhores evoluções hematológicas em crianças que ingeriam quantidades superiores a 750 ml/dia de leite fortificado, pertencentes a famílias que não dividiam o suplemento recebido com outros membros e naquelas com apenas uma criança com menos de 5 anos no núcleo familiar. Concluiu-se pela viabilidade e eficácia da fortificação do leite fluido como medida de intervenção no combate à carência de ferro em pré-escolares.

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Prevention of iron deficiency by milk fortification. II A field trial with a full-fat acidified milk

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

Micronutrient fortification of food and its impact on woman and child health: a systematic review

Micronutrient fortification of food and its impact on woman and child health: a systematic review

Encapsulación de hierro: Otra estrategia para la prevención o tratamiento de la anemia por deficiencia de hierro

Fortificação do leite fluido na prevenção e tratamento da anemia carencial ferropriva em crianças menores de 4 anos

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