Prevention of Colony Foundation by Cryptotermes brevis and Remedial Control of Drywood Termites (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) with Selected Chemical Treatments

Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.; Su, Nan‐Yao; Krecek, Jan; Liempt, Axel Van; Maharajh, Boudanath; Wheeler, Gregory S.

doi:10.1093/jee/91.6.1387

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, control rendered by such drill-and-treat applications may be limited to small areas because only termites in chemically-treated galleries are certain to be contacted by the toxicant. Spinosad SC has emerged as a superior compound to organophosphate and borate treatments for drywood termite control [101,103]. As a 5,000 ppm aqueous solution, spino sad SC dries as a non-repellent, slow-acting residue that has the termiticidal characteristics of arsenic dust, but is an environmentally safe fermentation product [4].…”

Section: 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acoustic emissions detection will allow superior and non-invasive delineation of infestations to pinpoint treatment areas and to confirm the treatment efficacy. Compounds like spinosad will allow eradication of drywood tennite colonies, even when only partially accessible [101,103]. Such treatments can be accomplished with minimal equipment, inconvenience, odor, and treatment time; and with no environmental hazard.…”

Section: Drywood Termitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development of preventative treatments [103] will offer protection from drywood tennite infestation that can be installed ill new as well as existing construction. Remedial baiting with hexaflumuron in above-ground stations to control structure-infesting populations of the…”

Section: Drywood Termitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Termites as Pests of Buildings

Scheffrahn

2000

Termites: Evolution, Sociality, Symbioses, Ecology

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106

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Abstract:Of the more than 2,300 tennite species in the world, 183 species are known to damage buildings and 83 species cause significant damage. Subterranean tennites, including mound building and arboreal species, account for 147 (80%) of the economically important species. The genus Coptotermes contains the largest number of pest species (28), whereas the genus Cryptotermes, especially Cr. brevis, is the most widely introduced. The world-wide economic impact figure of tennites is uncertain, but the control cost for tennite pests in the United States was estimated at $1.5 billion annually in 1994. Because of differences in their life histories, control measures differ between subterranean and drywood species. Insecticide barriers are used for exclusion of soil-borne subterranean tennites, whereas slow-acting baits are used for population control of subterranean tennite colonies in and near structures. Whole-structure treatments (fumigation and heat), compartmental treatments (heat or cold), and local treatments (wood surface treatments or insecticide injection) are the primary tools for drywood tennite control.

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Section: 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drywood Termitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Termites as Pests of Buildings

Scheffrahn

2000

Termites: Evolution, Sociality, Symbioses, Ecology

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106

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“…The active ingredients in the dust may include: Arsenic trioxide, Fipronil and Triflumuron. Scheffrahn et al (2001), reported that newly established colony of drywood termites Cryptotermes brevis could be prevented using dust formulations of commercially available disodium tetrahydrate. Fumigants Fumigants (e.g.…”

Section: Treated -Zone Termiticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appraisal of the Economic Activities of Termites: A Review

Ibrahim¹,

Adebote²

2012

Bayero J. Pure App. Sci.

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Termites can be found through out the world largely in the tropical and sub-tropical countries. They are social insects, feeding on cellulosic materials and live in colonies. Termites comprise the Order Isoptera with six families, 170 genera and 2600 species, of which six species are present in Nigeria. The most striking aspects of termites is their destructive tendency. They feed on wood indiscriminately, and tend to destroy timber and other wooden materials of importance to man, and this brought them into direct competition with man. However, their beneficial aspect to man is very significant. In most countries, where termites exist in abundance they are edible. Their burrowing within the soil increases the rate of percolation of water into the soil, thereby promoting water absorbent of the soil. Their feeding habit includes decomposition of dead trees, and incorporation into the soil, mineral nutrients of these trees. Man in response to the destructive activities of termites, developed various controlled methods towards them, which include the use of pesticides such as DDT ( Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane), BHC ( Benzene Hexachloride ), Aldrin, Dieldrin, soil barrier termiticides, treated zone termiticides, dust and fumigant, and, non chemical control methods such as mud tube removal, debris removal, pathogenic fungi, mechanical barriers, heat, high voltage electricity or electrocution and wood replacement. The control of termites however, does not seek to totally exterminate them, but to bring their activities to a manageable level. The objective of this paper is to appraise the economic activities of termites.

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“…Borate formulations, such as disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT), are frequently used for drywood termite control because they have low odor, low mammalian toxicity, are economical, and are simple to apply. Although borates can effectively prevent Cryptotermes brevis (Walker) reproductives from colonizing surface-treated wood (Scheffrahn et al 1998), they have been found in laboratory and Þeld trials to be inadequate or inconsistent in remedial control of drywood termite infestations (Scheffrahn et al 1997). Spinosad is an insecticide derived from the fermentation product of a naturally occurring soil bacterium Saccharopolyspora spinosa (Mertz and Yao 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of Toxicants from Exposed Nymphs of the Drywood Termite <I>Incisitermes snyderi</I> (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) to Unexposed Nestmates

Ferster

Scheffrahn

Thoms

et al. 2001

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Two formulations of spinosad (NAF-85 and NAF-371) were evaluated to determine the effect of concentration, deposit condition (dried, wet, or topical), and exposure time (0.1-10 h) for toxicant transfer among nestmates in the drywood termite Incisitermes snyderi (Light). Spinosad treatments were compared with two formulations of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) (10% aqueous dilution, 98% dust) and with 35% calcium arsenate dust. Termites were dyed and individually exposed to different treatments for 0.1, 1.5,1.0, 5.0, 10.0 h, or 0.1 and 1.0 h (DOT and calcium arsenate dust) and then placed with 10 unmarked, untreated nestmates in a petri dish. Spinosad formulations also were evaluated by topical application to dyed termites. Transfer of lethal doses of toxicants between termites was indicated by significant mortality of untreated termites in 25 of 28 treatments by 28 d after introduction of dyed, treated termites. Only three treatments, one spinosad treatment (NAF-371, wet, 1 h) and both DOT 10% solution treatments, resulted in mortality of untreated termites that was not significantly different than that of water-treated controls. Two spinosad treatments and both calcium arsenate dust treatments resulted in >90% (94-98%) mortality of untreated termites by 28 d after introduction. Mortality of untreated termites was significantly different from controls for the two spinosad formulations, depending on condition of deposit and duration of dyed termite exposure to treatments.

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Prevention of Colony Foundation by Cryptotermes brevis and Remedial Control of Drywood Termites (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) with Selected Chemical Treatments

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Termites as Pests of Buildings

Termites as Pests of Buildings

Appraisal of the Economic Activities of Termites: A Review

Transfer of Toxicants from Exposed Nymphs of the Drywood Termite <I>Incisitermes snyderi</I> (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) to Unexposed Nestmates

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