Prevention and management of obesity: Saudi guideline update

Alshehri, Fahad S.; Moqbel, Mohammed M; Al-Khaldi, Yahia M; Al-Shahrani, Abdullah M; Abu-Melha, Waleed S; Alqahtani, Aayed R.; Sabbahi, Adnan A; Alkaud, Alhasan M; Alfalah, Haitham; AlQumaizi, Khalid I; Saeedi, Mohammad Y.; Alharbi, Mohammed; Elmourad, Mourad; Mustafa, Mustafa Salih; Al-Obaid, Omar; Alrajhi, Saleh; Alomary, Shaker A.; Eid, Ahmed Jafar Al; Hussain, Salman; Alsa, Yassin Hassan; Ibrahim, M.; Alamri, Fahad; Almalki, Muteb Z; Almoreished, Talal F

doi:10.4103/2347-2618.184970

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…A study in Saudi Arabia has shown that changes in food consumption towards a high-energy-density with fattiest food with a decline in the intake of fruit, vegetables also have a significant role of overweight and diabetes (Midhet et al, 2010). In addition, environmental factors, the lack of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle are being important factors that contribute to the increased prevalence of obesity in the gulf countries (Al-Nohair, 2014;Al-Shehri et al, 2016). Therefore, reducing modifiable dietary and lifestyle change could decrease the incidence of diabetes (Adede et al, 2014;Akter et al, 2014;Al-Shehri et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Risk Factors among adult Population in Bisha Province, Southwest of Saudi Arabia

Al-Shahrani¹,

Alsaleem²,

O’haj³

et al. 2016

GJHS

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Objectives: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) among the adult population in Bisha province, Saudi Arabia. Methods:A cross sectional study was conducted during December, 2015 using the World Health Organization STEPS wise approach for data collection. Blood glucose level and anthropometric measurements of blood pressure, height, weight, and waist circumference were performed per standard methods. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the prevalence and risk of diabetes. Results:Of 542 adult individuals included in the study, 13.3% (72) had diabetes, of which 8.1% were previously diagnosed and 5.2% represented new cases. The proportions of DM were 14.7% for men and 10.8% for women. Diabetes was significantly higher among married compared to unmarried individuals (19.3% vs 5.5 %; p<0.001) and among individuals aged ≥40 years old compared to those <40 years (31.3% vs 9.3%; p<0.001). The risk of diabetes was significantly increased with older age (Odds Ratio=4.470; 95% CI 2.264-7.614), married individuals (OR=4.097; 95% CI 2.188-7.672), weight/obesity (OR=2.827; 95% CI 1.567-5.072), hypertension (OR=4.383; 95% CI 2.085-9.214) and having a job (OR=2.327; 95% CI 1.347-4.02). The independent risk factors predicted diabetes were hypertension (Adjusted OR=2.897; 95% CI 1.269-66.13) and job patterns (Adjusted OR=2.793; 95% CI 1.064-7.329).Conclusion: Different risk factors alarming diabetes among adult population in Bisha province were detected. Strategies aimed to improving a healthy lifestyle are necessary to reduce the burden of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Risk Factors among adult Population in Bisha Province, Southwest of Saudi Arabia

Al-Shahrani¹,

Alsaleem²,

O’haj³

et al. 2016

GJHS

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“…At this visit the following investigations were requested [49]: (Contemplation). The family physician grabbed the opportunity and started to mention the evidences that support the detrimental effects of being obese as well as benefits of healthful weight in simple and understandable way.…”

Section: Investationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behavioral changes usually going slowly with recurrent relapses, so the patient needs continuous assessment and support through this process. Understanding the readiness of patient to change and monitor his advancement is crucial for successful change of behavior [47][48][49]. …”

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confidence: 99%

“…He asked if there is any prepared plan can be used to decrease his weight (Action). Family physician discussed with Saad the following approaches, pros and cons, and evidences supporting each of them [49]:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Family physician also explain for Saad the benefit and importance of exercise both as an intervention for losing weight and for health status as all.He gave Saad the following advices [49,57]:…”

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Assess Obese Patient Readiness to Decrease Weight: A Practical Approach

Algarni¹

2017

J Fam Med

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Obesity is common, major health problem. The trend of obesity incidence and prevalence in Saudi Arabia are not reassuring. Thoughts and behavior are major risk factors for obesity specifically and unhealthy lifestyle overall. Changing thoughts and behaviors are feasible function of primary care physician although not easy at all time.Keywords: Assess; Obese patient; Obesity Case ScenarioSaad is a 35 years old Saudi male came to youfor promotion clinic and annual check-up.You note that he is obese, how family physician can measure readiness of Saad to decrease his weight and help him to change his behavior? Initial visitFamily physician should start consultation with welcoming Saad, thanks him for attendance to clinic, establishing with him a good rapport in order to conduct a successful consultation.Family physician starts by collecting biodata and then asking an open-ended question, such as "how is your health status?" Saad ideas, concerns should be adequately explored; the real reason and expectation from this visit are important issues that should be addressed in initial visit. Family physician decided to discuss with Saad his weight in the current visit. Presenting illness history and systemic reviewPresent complaint and past medical history, dietary and physical activity should be covered completely. The following important points are mandatory [57]:• Duration of obesity.• Onset of obesity, aggravation as well as reliving factors.• Effects of obesity on Saad's on health and his quality of life as all.• Detailed dietary history should include; number of meals, snacks, intake fast food, intake soft drinks, taking breakfast regularly, intake of fruits and vegetables.• Other important issue is physical activity and sedentary IntroductionObesity became a major health problem [1,2]. It is estimated that worldwide prevalence of overweight or obesity is 36.9% in men and 38% in women in 2013 [2]. In the last Saudi health information survey for non-communicable diseases in Saudi Arabia (SHIS-2013), the prevalence of overweight and obesity (defined by body mass index (BMI) was 30.7 % and 28.7 % respectively [3]. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi male was 33.4% and 24.1% respectively, and among Saudi female was 28% and 33.5% respectively [3]. In the last update of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, Saudi Arabia was among highest countries in mean of increment in the prevalence of obesity [2]. High body mass index (BMI) accounted for the highest attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in Saudi Arabia [4]. Unfortunately, the trend of obesity in Saudi Arabia is not reassuring [5].The complications of obesity are well known. All causes of mortality are increased [6,7] as well as specific-causes of mortality, especially those suffering from morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m 2 ) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Greater waist circumference associated also with increased all-cause mortality in men and women [14]. However, not only the mortality increased, also there is increased in morbi...

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