Preventing HIV in Injection Drug Users: Choosing the Best Mix of Interventions for the Population

Abstract

Injection drug users (IDUs) transmit the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via both needle sharing and sex. This analysis explores the effects of population

Costs and cost–effectiveness of HIV community services: quantity and quality of studies published 1986–2011

“…Per student covered 30 [89] Per peer educator 300-1748 [90] Community mobilization for voluntary medical male circumcision 5-23 [59,82] Adherence case management for HIV-infected patients on ART (per patient) 90-229 [88] Use of volunteers to provide ARVs, monitor compliance and adverse reactions in patients in rural areas (per patient)…”

Efficient allocation of resources to prevent HIV infection among injection drug users: the Prevention Point Philadelphia (PPP) needle exchange program

“…Researchers have recently focused on the optimal mix of strategies to combat the spread of HIV in the face of limited financial resources [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Some studies have included needle exchange programs (NEPs) in their menu of alternative prevention strategies [6,7,11].…”

A Little Planning Goes a Long Way: Multilevel Allocation of HIV Prevention Resources

“…2 A number of mathematical models have been developed to assist decision makers with HIV resource allocation decisions. [3][4][5][6][7][8] A typical model seeks to minimize the number of new infections that occur over some time period subject to constraints on total budget. In practice, HIV prevention resources are often allocated using simple decision rules such as allocation proportional to HIV prevalence, HIV incidence, or population size.…”