Prevalência e fatores associados à consulta médica entre adultos de uma comunidade de baixa renda do Sul do Brasil

Abstract

ResumoObjetivo: estimar a prevalência de consultas médicas, nos três meses que antecederam à entrevista, em adultos de 20 anos ou mais, de uma comunidade de baixa renda, do Sul do Brasil, em 2009. Métodos: foi realizado estudo transversal, com análise ajustada por meio de Regressão de Poisson. Resultados: a prevalência de consulta médica nos 3.391 entrevistados foi 76,2% (Intervalo de Confiança de 95% (IC 95% : 74,8; 77,6%) no último ano e 64,8% (IC 95% : 63,0; 66,7%) nos últimos três meses, maior entre as mulheres (67,8%) do que entre os homens (60,2%) (p<0,001). Na análise ajustada, para homens, o desfecho associou-se mais fortemente: ao aumento de idade (p=0,001) e autopercepção de saúde ruim/ muito ruim (p<0,001). Entre mulheres, ao aumento da idade (p=0,001), possuir médico de referência (p=0,001), local usual de atendimento (p<0,001) e morbidades (p= 0,001). Conclusões: a diferença na utilização de consultas deve ser considerada no planejamento e organização do acesso. (95%CI 74.8, 77.6) in the last year and 64.8 % (95%CI 63.0, 66.7) in the last three months: 67.8 % in females (95%CI 65.5, 70.1) (p<0.001); 60.2 % in males (95%CI 57.1, 63.2

Fatores associados a não realização de consulta médica nos 12 meses anteriores a entrevista concedida por adultos e idosos em Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, em 2016: estudo transversal*

“…The results of a population-based study conducted in the municipality of São Leopoldo, RS, in 2011, indicated that of the 1,098 respondents, 56.7% (95%CI 53.8;59.7) had not had a medical consultation in the last 30 days. 8 Another study by the same author and in the same data collection site indicated that 15.4% (95%CI 13.2;17.5) had not had a medical consultation in the 12 months prior to the interview, 13 demonstrating that the prevalence of not having a medical consultation in the municipality of Rio Grande was significantly higher. However, when considering the national context, the reality of the municipality studied reflects progress with increased accessibility to physicians: the percentage of Brazilians who did not use medical services in the 12 months prior to the survey fell from 44.8% in 1998 to 28.7% in 2013.…”

“…2,11,12 Understanding factors influencing use or non-use of health services, by means of population-based studies, assists perception of demand for health services, recognition of the reality faced by the population and health service management capacity building. 13 Having knowledge of the profile of the population that does not use services can contribute to proposal of policies to promote these people's access to the health system and, as a result, improve their health and that of the general population. The need therefore exists to gain knowledge about groups at risk of not having medical consultations, in the sense of identifying priority individuals to be targeted with Public Health policies and actions.…”

Factors associated with the frequency of medical consultations by older adults: a national study

“…The search by individuals for health services has a multicausal origin, with the influence of biopsychosocial aspects (5) . The use of these services and the coverage achieved reflect their availability and additionally enable identifying the health needs of the population (17) , guiding future directions. Considering older adults, the use of health services by this population group focuses on the demands related to geriatric syndromes and frailty.…”

Não utilização de consultas de rotina na Atenção Básica por pessoas com hipertensão arterial

“…In addition, it has already been identified that in Brazil preventive exams are performed more frequently by health plans 21 . This scenario may derive, among other factors, from the fact that individuals with better financial conditions to afford private health costs are also more educated, which is associated with better indices of use of medical consultations 4,21 . Non-use of routine consultations available in PC is influenced by several factors, as aforementioned, and as a consequence of this situation there might be noncompliance with drug treatment and uncontrolled blood pressure.…”

“…Among the main predisposing factors for non-use of consultations there are low socioeconomic level 3 , being male 4 , younger age 4 , worse health self-perception 4 , forgetfulness 5 and characteristics related to health assistance 5 , such as the type of service used (SUS [Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde)] / others but SUS) 4 .…”