Prevalência de Neoplasias, Cárie e Gengivite em Pacientes Oncológicos Pediátricos no Município de Belém, Pará

Abstract

Objetivo: Avaliar clinicamente a prevalência de cárie e gengivite em 62 crianças de 3 a 12 anos de idade, de ambos os gêneros sendo que 32 eram portadoras de neoplasias e 30 eram saudáveis, fazendo parte do grupo controle. Métodos: Os pacientes foram avaliados utilizando-se os índices CPO-d, ceo-d, Índice de Placa (IP) e Índice gengival (IG), sendo avaliados em dois momentos, antes e seis meses após o início do estudo. Na análise estatística, para verificar a interdependência entre as variáveis, utilizaram-se os testes Exato de Fisher e Wilcoxon (p<0,05). Resultados: Verificou-se que a neoplasia mais freqüente foi a leucemia e a terapia mais utilizada foi a quimioterapia. Com relação à cárie dental, pode-se observar ao examinarmos os pacientes inicialmente e após um período de seis meses, que os índices de cárie (CPO-D e ceo-d) aumentaram em ambos os grupos, no entanto, sendo estatisticamente significante entre os dois momentos do exame, no grupo de pacientes oncológicos. Já com relação aos índices de placa e gengival (IP e IG), não houve diferenças estatisticamente significante entre os grupos analisados e, também, entre os dois momentos de avaliação. Conclusão: Desse modo, ressalta-se a importância do odontopediatra na equipe de atendimento destes pacientes, para detectar, orientar e prevenir as principais manifestações bucais decorrentes da doença e do tratamento.Câncer infantil; Cárie; Gengivite; Oncologia.Objective: To evaluate clinically the prevalence of caries and gingivitis in children with cancer. Method: Children aged 3 to 12 years old of both genders participated in the study. Thirty-two had some type of neoplasia and 30 were healthy controls. The patients were evaluated based on the following indexes: DMFT, dmft, Plaque index (PI) and Gingival index (GI) before and 6 months after the beginning of this study. Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon tests were used in the statistical analysis to check the relations among the variables (=0.05). Results: The most frequent neoplasia was leukemia and chemotherapy was the most common type of treatment. The dental caries indexes (DMFT and dmft) increased in both groups from baseline to the 6-month evaluation, but the difference was statistically significant only for the cancer patients. For PI and GI, no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups or between two evaluation moments. Conclusion:The results reinforce the importance of including a pediatric dentist in the multiprofessional team that treats pediatric cancer patients in order to instruct, diagnose and prevent the main oral manifestations associated with neoplasias and the treatment.

Oral Manifestations and Salivary pH Changes in Children undergoing Antineoplastic Therapy

“…The data also are consistent with the prevalence observed in research conducted in Belém do Pará [10], where found a percentage of 59.37% for male and 40.63% for female. The incidence of studies in Brazil confirms that the highest prevalence of childhood cancer affects males in most tumors [10].…”

“…The incidence of studies in Brazil confirms that the highest prevalence of childhood cancer affects males in most tumors [10].…”

“…The investigator started clinical examination by analyzing the external oral surface, followed by intraoral analysis for analysis of dental elements, covering from 55 to 65 and 75 to 85 in deciduous teeth and from 17 to 27 and 37 to 47 in denture mixed [10]. All data were recorded in the medical record.…”

Parents’ knowledge about the oral health care of oncological children

“…Slightly more than half of the patients were diagnosed with ALL, and most of them underwent chemotherapy as treatment. The same result was observed in the studies by Lopes et al [7], Santos et al [6] and Figueiredo & Nogueira [11]. Oral health is critical for health, since it is through the mouth that individual feeds, thus obtaining the nutrients necessary to be alive and healthy, as well as other functions.…”

Mala oclusión, caries dentales y gingivitis como factores asociados a la verguenza de sonreír en pacientes pediátricos oncológicos

“…Ainda sobre o CPO-D, o componente cariado foi o mais expressivo (média de 2,7) em relação aos componentes perdidos e obturados (média de 0,4 e 2,1 respectivamente), outro estudo também verificou que em crianças portadoras de câncer e saudáveis o CPO-D apresentou maior número de dentes cariados 13 .…”