Prevalencia de hipertensión arterial en comunidades pehuenches, Alto Biobio

Abstract

Recibido el 10 de abril de 2012 / Aceptado el 4 de junio 2012Antecedentes: En los últimos años se ha observado un aumento en la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial (HTA), que incluso afecta a población rural e indígena. Sin embargo, no existen datos de la población pehuenche, la que habita mayoritariamente en la comuna de Alto Biobio.Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de HTA en habitantes de comunidades pehuenches y su relación con características etnodemográficas y el estado nutricional. Métodos:Estudio de prevalencia, corte transversal, sobre una muestra de 400 individuos mayores de 15 años; la adquisición de datos se realizó entre mayo y octubre de 2011. Se incluyen variables sociodemográficas, étnicas y clínicas, estas últimas de acuerdo a criterios diagnósticos del MINSAL.Resultados: La prevalencia de HTA corresponde al 24,5%; no pesquisamos diferencias estadísticamente significativas por sexo, etnia ni estado nutricional. En cambio, si las hubo por edad, donde las personas mayores tenían una mayor prevalencia y gravedad de HTA que sus contrapartes más jóvenes; el 70,59% de los mayores de 65 años tenía HTA. De la misma forma, se aprecia un aumento progresivo de las presiones diastólicas, sistólicas y medias con la edad. Solo el 32% de la población previamente diagnosticada tenía presiones en rango normal.Conclusiones: La prevalencia de HTA en comunidades pehuenches es similar a la nacional, siendo la edad el único factor de riesgo asociado a este diagnóstico.( 103The prevalence hypertension is increasing in general, including the rural and native populations of Chile. However, there is no information regarding this problem in the Pehuenche population, which inhabits the High BioBio area. Aim: to determine the prevalence of hypertension inPehuenche communities and its relation to ethnic, demographic and nutritional factors Methods: A cross sectional sample of 400 individuals 16 years and older were surveyed between May and October 2011. Socio-demographic, ethnic and clinical characteristics were assessed. The National Health Department's definitions were used.Results: Hypertension was found in 24.5% of subjects. There were no differences in the prevalence of hypertension according to gender, ethnic factors or nutritional state. As expected, prevalence of hypertension increased with age, reaching 70.6% in those above 65 years. Both systolic and diastolic pressures increased with age. Only 32% of the previously evaluated subjects had a normal blood pressure. Conclusion: the prevalence of Hypertension in pe-huenches is similar to that observed in the overall Chilean population. There was no relation of hypertension prevalence to ethnic or nutritional factors.

Prevalence, onset, evolution, and prediction of spasticity poststroke

“…The largest Mapuche indigenous population in the country is concentrated in the Chilean region of La Araucanía, where this study was conducted (49). In this region, the Mapuches have a mortality rate from stroke that is twice the rate observed in the rest of the country, as they also have a high prevalence of poverty, hbp, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, and overweight, all risk factors for stroke (50)(51)(52)(53). However, there is no evidence that specifically associates this ethnic group with the occurrence of stroke (54).…”