Prevalência de hipertensão arterial em militares jovens e fatores associados

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension among young military personnel and associated factors. METHODS:Cross-sectional study carried out with a sample of 380 male military personnel aged 19 to 35 years of a Brazilian Air Force unit in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2000 and 2001. The cut-off points for hypertension were: ≥ 140mmHg for systolic pressure and ≥ 90mmHg for diastolic pressure. The studied variables included risk and protective factors for hypertension, such as behavioral and nutritional characteristics. For association analysis, generalized linear model multiple regression was used, with binomial family and logarithmic link, and prevalence ratios were obtained with 90% confidence interval and hierarchical selection of variables. RESULTS:Prevalence of hypertension was 22% (90% CI: 21;29). In the final multiple regression model, it was found that the prevalence of hypertension was 68% higher among ex-smokers when compared to non-smokers (90% CI: 1.13; 2.50). Among subjects with overweight (body mass index -BMI of 25 to 29kg/m2) and obesity (BMI> 29kg/m2) the prevalences were, respectively, 75% (90% CI: 1.23;2.50) and 178% (90% CI: 1.82;4.25) higher than among subjects with normal weight. Among those that practiced physical activity regularly, compared to those who did not practice it, the prevalence was 52% lower (90% CI: 0.30;0.90). CONCLUSIONS:Being an ex-smoker and overweight or obese were risk situations for hypertension, while the regular practice of physical activity was a protective factor in young military personnel.

Physiological, Behavioral, and Dietary Characteristics Associated with Hypertension among Kenyan Defence Forces

“…The duration of smoking was directly related to diagnosis of hypertension despite smoking cessation. These findings are consistent with Wenzel and colleagues who established a similar pattern among Brazilian soldiers, in which prevalence of hypertension was higher among ex-smokers [29]. Several other studies have implicated current smoking to increased BP and the risk for hypertension with the underlying mechanism due the role of nicotine in activating sympathetic nervous system and the resultant arterial stiffness [30, 31].…”

Hipertensão arterial e trabalho: fatores de risco

“…5,8,11,13,20 . Houve referência à associação positiva com HAS em 18 artigos, e negativa em um artigo 27 , de modo que em apenas quatro deles 15,[21][22][23] esses achados não foram observados. Para uma melhor análise dos resultados, esses estão descritos abaixo, de acordo com os principais fatores ocupacionais identificados.…”

“…Apesar disso, em vários estudos [7][8]17,22,23,27 os autores, de forma equivocada, recorrem aos testes estatís-ticos. A conveniência de uma amostra impossibilita fazer uso da inferência estatística dos resultados, já que ela não foi obtida atendendo aos pressupostos da estatística inferencial.…”

Arterial pressure control for nursing military professionals

“…37 Taking obesity as a product of the interaction between physical inactivity and precarious food habits, the data obtained were analyzed in order to verify the Association of obesity with the other two factors. Of the total of 67.0% obese, sedentary, 78.0% showed claim to have food and 44.0%…”

“…39 The prevalence of hypertension among individuals who practiced physical activity regularly was 52.0% lower compared with sedentary individuals. 37 The physical activity recommendation is based on using parameters of frequency, duration, intensity and how it is performed. Where, physical activity should be practiced for at least 30 minutes, taking a moderate intensity on most days of the week in a continuous or accumulated.…”