Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic enteropathy with various clinical presentations. The objectives of this study were to describe the symptoms at diagnosis, to assess the nutritional status at debut and after 1 year of follow-up and estimate the prevalence of the disease. Methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study. Five hundred and forty-two patients under 18 years with biopsy compatible CD were included in the study. Symptoms presented at diagnosis and anthropometric data, serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, albumin, and Vitamin D at diagnosis,6 and 12 months of follow-up were analyzed. The prevalence was estimated in patients covered by the Italian Hospital Health Insurance during the period 2007-2017. Results: About 75% were symptomatic at diagnosis, the most frequent symptoms were diarrhea and abdominal pain. About 6% of the patients had a Z-score for weight <−2 at diagnosis, 3% at 6 months, and 1% at 12 months. Regarding height, 6% had a Z-score lower than −2 at diagnosis and 0.7% at 6 months. No patients had a Z-score lower than −2 for body mass index. Nor were patients with a median weight/length adequateness lower than 90 registered. Serum micronutrient levels were normal, except for Vitamin D, which was below normal both at diagnosis and at follow-up. The prevalence of CD in children and adolescents covered by the Italian Hospital Health Insurance was 0.4% (95% CI 0.32-0.48). Conclusions: The most frequent symptoms at diagnosis were classical gastrointestinal. Growth retardation was found in a low percentage of children. The prevalence reported was similar than in the previous studies.