Prevalência de cárie dentária em crianças de seis a 60 meses e fatores associados, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Abstract

Prevalência de cárie dentária em crianças de seis a 60 meses e fatores associados, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, BrasilPrevalence of dental caries in children aged 6 to 60 months and associated factors in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil Cárie dental; Epidemiologia; Odontopediatria.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among children aged 6 to 60 months in Diamantina, MG, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with a representative sample (n = 233) of the preschool population (6 to 60 months) of Diamantina, MG, Brazil. Dental caries (dependent variable) was evaluated by clinical examination and the independent variables (gender, age, socioeconomic status, nutritional status, oral hygiene and diet) were assessed by the determination of anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and interviews with parents/caregivers. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive analysis, chi-square test and univariate and multivariate logistic regression model. Results:The prevalence of dental caries was 44.8% (n = 104). Child's age, oral hygiene and duration and frequency of bottle feeding were significantly associated with dental caries. Conclusion:The prevalence of caries among children aged 6 to 60 months was high. The main factors directly involved in the development of dental caries were the patient's age, frequency and duration of bottle feeding, and poor oral hygiene.Dental caries; Epidemiology; Pediatric dentistry.

Behavior During Tooth Brushing in the Home Environment in Preterm and Full-Term Infants

“…The age of approximately six months represents a crucial moment for the colonization of streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli, which is when the first teeth erupt, which is usually associated with weaning and the introduction of solid foods; therefore, prevention of the introduction of sugary beverages and foods and oral hygiene are aimed at preventing the establishment of streptococcus mutans in the biofilm [12]. On the other hand, considering the young age of children, caries was detected in 30.7%, which shows the difficulties found by parents for controlling the risk factors [8,10,12].…”

“…In this regard, the beginning of toothbrushing practice has been considered the most determinant factor for early childhood caries, which highlights the role of oral hygiene instruction [5,6], especially when there is nocturnal feeding [7] and high sugar consumption, since sucrose is the substrate for the oral microbiota [2]. Likewise, it was demonstrated that children aged 6-60 months have higher chance of developing caries when presenting poor oral hygiene, frequency of bottle consumption equal to or greater than three times a day and time of use over five months [8].…”

Feeding Practices of Potential Risk to Dental Caries in Early Childhood and its Relationship with Sociodemographic Variables and Prematurity

“…The feeding practices that may constitute a risk for dental caries and that could be evaluated in this study considering data filled in the medical records of children aged 1-45 months were: breastfeeding, bottle feeding, feeding during sleep, sugar introduction and frequency. It is noteworthy that one or more of these practices have been related in literature with the development of caries in children [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]12,[14][15][16][17]. In a study with children aged 6-60 months with high prevalence of dental caries, the main factors associated with caries development were: age, frequency of consumption and time of bottle use and unsatisfactory oral hygiene [9].…”

“…It is noteworthy that one or more of these practices have been related in literature with the development of caries in children [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]12,[14][15][16][17]. In a study with children aged 6-60 months with high prevalence of dental caries, the main factors associated with caries development were: age, frequency of consumption and time of bottle use and unsatisfactory oral hygiene [9]. In another study with high prevalence of severe early childhood caries in preschool children, the risk factors identified were: environmental factors such as public water supply fluoridation below recommended levels, low maternal schooling, male gender, and behavioral factors such as bottle feeding at 30 months of age [14].…”

“…Breastfeeding lasting ≥ 12 months was associated with higher risk for early childhood caries in children aged 3-6 years [7], and prolongation for ≥24 months increased the risk for severe childhood caries [6,8]. Regarding the use of feeding bottle, the frequency and length of time were also positively related to the prevalence of caries [9].…”