“…The results, mainly from Europe and US, have shown the importance of particular and common risk factors and their differential influences on allergic diseases, supporting the relevance of doing this type of investigations worldwide, to evaluate the great diversity of settings associated, not only with the climate, geographical location and genetic background, but also with low socio-economic conditions that generate particular risk factors and limit the access to health services. The prevalence of allergic diseases varies among regions and in Latin America, figures of asthma and other allergies in children are very high [37-42]. However, as mentioned, prospective birth cohorts in the region are still scarce, although a growing number are being reported [18-20].…”