Prevalence, risk and aggravating factors of chronic venous disease: an epidemiological survey of the general population of Greece

Dimakakos, Evangelos; Syrigos, K.; Scliros, E; Karaïtianos, I

doi:10.1258/phleb.2011.011143

Cited by 19 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…5 We could infer from this that males do not consider phlebostatic symptoms to be important, in contrast with women, who do, and therefore seek medical attention for this type of symptoms. 9 The age group most affected in this sample was 30-59 years, which is similar to the result of another study, 6 in which the age group most affected by CVI was from 45 to 64 years. Other studies have shown that the incidence of CVI increases with age, particularly in terms of the emergence of signs of increasing severity, which is in line with our finding that the greater the age of the patient the more likely it is that their CVI symptoms are related to anatomic disorders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…There are studies that claim that there is only a relationship between obesity and CVI, 3,6,24 or an association between varicose veins and BMI, among women, 1,5,14,25 and others that found no evidence of any relationship. 14,26 It does not appear likely that obesity could be a risk factor for one sex but not for the other, and it can be considered as an aggravating factor in venous disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Other risk factors have also been linked to development of CVI, including age, sex, family history, constipation, obesity, number of gestations and lack of physical activity. 5,6 Some decades ago, researchers identified a group of patients who were symptomatic, but did not exhibit the anatomic changes characteristic of CVI. Ruckley [7][8][9] Doppler ultrasonography is the most widely used diagnostic method for venous disease because it is an informative, rapid, noninvasive and low cost method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is vein damage the only cause of clinical signs of lower limb chronic venous insufficiency?

Seidel

Coelho

2014

J. vasc. bras.

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Background: Venous insufficiency is a very prevalent disease. Some decades ago a group of patients was identified that had symptoms of venous insufficiency, but no visible anatomic abnormalities. Studies showed that this subset had reduced venous tone, and their condition became known as hypotonic phlebopathy. Objective: To investigate prevalence, age group and variations in body mass index (BMI) among patients with hypotonic phlebopathy. Methodology: A total of 1,960 limbs were examined in 1,017 patients who had been referred for complaints compatible with venous insufficiency. Patients with BMI ≥ 30 were defined as obese. The patients were examined using color Doppler ultrasonography to detect presence or absence of reflux in veins of the lower limbs and were then distributed into two groups as follows: patients with CEAP ≤ 1 and no reflux, diagnosed with hypotonic phlebopathy; or patients with CEAP ≥ 2 and reflux. Results: The study sample comprised 89.7% women and 10.3% men with a mean age of 44.9 years. Hypotonic phlebopathy was more common among the women (p = 0.0001). Obese women were more likely than women who were not obese to have venous symptom etiology involving trunk lesions (p = 0.0017). Among the men, obesity was unrelated to etiology of symptoms (p = 0.5991). Symptomology was more likely to be related to trunk vein damage among older age groups than among younger age groups (p-valor <0.0001). Conclusions: Hypotonic phlebopathy was very prevalent, particularly among young women who were not obese.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is vein damage the only cause of clinical signs of lower limb chronic venous insufficiency?

Seidel

Coelho

2014

J. vasc. bras.

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“…A recent survey reveals that 14.9% of the general Greek population refers symptoms and/or present signs related to CVD [42].…”

Section: Functional and Hrql Implications Of Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately one-third of people with CVD report to be a burden going out of home and participating in social events, and that they avoid wearing clothes exposing their legs or going on vacations to very warm places [42]. According to self-reports, functional status is diminished in these patients [36,39] also because of some physical dysfunctions, like abnormalities in gait [45], impaired balance, peripheral neuropathy [43,46] weak leg muscles (plantar flexion and dorsiflexion muscles) [29,30,45], or diminished ankle range of motion [10,30,47].…”

Section: Functional and Hrql Implications Of Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manual Lymphatic Drainage in the Treatment of Chronic Venous Disease

Crisóstomo¹,

Armada-da-Silva²

2017

Clinical Physical Therapy

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Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a chronic condition that is associated with venous hypertension, vein's valves damage, venous obstruction, and calf muscle pump impairment. This blood circulatory condition is also characterized by important inflammatory changes affecting the skin, the subcutaneous tissue and the muscles, which are probably triggered by blood stasis and venous edema. With disease progression, severe ulcerative skin damage might occur, which when present represent the more severe stage of this condition. CVD has a significant economic, social and health impact, mostly due to raised morbidity and chronicity.The treatment of patients with CVD might focus on both the symptoms and secondary changes of the disease, such as edema, skin and subcutaneous changes or ulcers.Usually, initial treatment of CVD patients involves a non-invasive, conservative treatment to reduce symptoms, treat secondary changes, and help prevent the development of secondary complications and the progression of the disease. Complementary, some interventional or surgical treatments can be undertaken.There are several conservative treatments to treat and prevent complications associated with CVD that have been described in the literature, like manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) and compression, physical exercise, intermittent pneumatic pressure, kinesio taping, electrical muscle stimulation, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, hydrotherapy, and health education. Most of these techniques are complementary to compression therapy or pharmacological treatment. This chapter will address the role of physical therapists in the management of CVD. The chapter will begin by reviewing the basic physiopathology of CVD, including the role of calf muscle pump. The CEAP classification system and the chronic venous severity score will be presented, as these are main tools for clinical assessment of CVD severity. In the remainder of the chapter will address the physiological effects and recommendations for treating CVD of MLD, based on our clinical experience and own research.

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Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Jacob

2014

Chronic Venous Disorders of the Lower Limbs

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Prevalence, risk and aggravating factors of chronic venous disease: an epidemiological survey of the general population of Greece

Abstract: This is a real whole-population study of Greece - a Mediterranean country that provides important and remarkable data on the epidemiology of CVD and highlights that we need improvement of relations within the triangle constituted by physicians, patients and disease.

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Is vein damage the only cause of clinical signs of lower limb chronic venous insufficiency?

Is vein damage the only cause of clinical signs of lower limb chronic venous insufficiency?

Manual Lymphatic Drainage in the Treatment of Chronic Venous Disease

Epidemiology and Risk Factors

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