Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis in Foreign-Born Populations in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area, 2009–2015

Juon, Hee‐Soon; Ha, Emmeline; Kim, Frederic; Trang, Amy; Pan, Jane; Blanchard, Janice

doi:10.1007/s10900-018-0573-2

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A particular challenge in understanding this disparity is the ethnic and socioeconomic heterogeneity of the Asian American population . For example, HCV in Asian American individuals may be particularly concentrated in people who emigrated from endemic countries, and who in turn may face a higher risk of decreased health care access due to limited English proficiency . Programs that are focused on hepatitis B virus prevention and testing in Asian American individuals may also be effective at closing the disparities observed with HCV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation Among US Medicaid Enrollees

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceDirect-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly effective but remains underused. Understanding disparities in the delivery of DAAs is important for HCV elimination planning and designing interventions to promote equitable treatment.ObjectiveTo examine variations in the receipt of DAA in the 6 months following a new HCV diagnosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used national Medicaid claims from 2017 to 2019 from 50 states, Washington DC, and Puerto Rico. Individuals aged 18 to 64 years with a new diagnosis of HCV in 2018 were included. A new diagnosis was defined as a claim for an HCV RNA test followed by an International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis code, after a 1-year lookback period.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcome was receipt of a DAA prescription within 6 months of diagnosis. Logistic regression was used to examine demographic factors and ICD-10–identified comorbidities associated with treatment initiation.ResultsAmong 87 652 individuals, 43 078 (49%) were females, 12 355 (14%) were age 18 to 29 years, 35 181 (40%) age 30 to 49, 51 282 (46%) were non-Hispanic White, and 48 840 (49%) had an injection drug use diagnosis. Of these individuals, 17 927 (20%) received DAAs within 6 months of their first HCV diagnosis. In the regression analyses, male sex was associated with increased treatment initiation (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.16-1.33). Being age 18 to 29 years (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.50-0.85) and injection drug use (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75-0.94) were associated with decreased treatment initiation. After adjustment for state fixed effects, Asian race (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.40-0.64), American Indian or Alaska Native race (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55-0.84), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.93) were associated with decreased treatment initiation. Adjustment for state Medicaid policy did not attenuate the racial or ethnic disparities.ConclusionsIn this retrospective cohort study, HCV treatment initiation was low among Medicaid beneficiaries and varied by demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Interventions are needed to increase HCV treatment uptake among Medicaid beneficiaries and to address disparities in treatment among key populations, including younger individuals, females, individuals from minoritized racial and ethnic groups, and people who inject drugs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation Among US Medicaid Enrollees

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, there are significant disparities in chronic HBV prevalence, as 70% of chronic HBV infections are among immigrant populations with the highest prevalence being among persons born in Asia (58%) and those born in Africa (12%) [15]. Specifically, in a study that screened 5982 individuals at a community health event in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan area, the HBV prevalence was higher in Asian-born immigrants (Cambodia (11.9%), Vietnam (8.2%), and China (8.1%) compared to African-born immigrants (Liberia (6.7%), Sierra Leone (6.7%), and Cameroon (4.4%)) [24].…”

Section: Disease Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Racial Disparities on Liver Disease Access and Outcomes

Nephew

Aitcheson

Iyengar

2022

Curr Treat Options Gastro

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review We aim to review 1) the changing epidemiology of liver disease and the impact that systematic differences in the opportunities for ethnic and racial minorities to gain access to care have had on mortality and 2) community interventions aimed at reducing disparities. Recent Findings There continues to be disparities in acute/chronic viral hepatitis. The success of the campaign to eliminate viral hepatitis depends on innovative initiatives like home-based screening in highest risk communities and improved access to treatment. We describe increasing rates of high-risk drinking and a need for culturally tailored treatment. We discuss rising rates of non-alcohol associated fatty liver disease and the need for improved education of patients and providers. Data on disparities in mortality in cholestatic liver diseases are emerging; qualitative data on barriers to care are needed. Summary Understanding racial disparities in liver disease is only the first step. Achieving health equity will take innovative initiatives. Publisher's NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

show abstract

“…While there are some data on the management and outcomes of HBV infection among immigrants in the US, primarily Asian-born, 14 , 15 there is very little on the epidemiology and outcomes of HBV infection in Hispanics. This is an important knowledge gap as Hispanic immigrants are currently the largest racial/ethnic group of foreign-born in the US, 16 and are projected to comprise ~22.8% of the total US population by 2035.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in presentation and management of chronic hepatitis B among Hispanics in a diverse safety net system

Wang

Terrault

Fong

et al. 2023

Hepatology Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence is highest in foreign-born Asian and African individuals in the US, though Hispanics make up the largest proportion of the immigrant population. Differences in the diagnosis and management of chronic HBV in Hispanics might exist due to the lower awareness of risk. We aim to examine racial/ethnic disparities in the diagnosis, presentation, and immediate management of chronic HBV in a diverse safety net system enriched for Hispanics. Methods: In a large urban safety-net hospital system, we retrospectively identified patients with chronic HBV by serological data and categorized them into mutually exclusive self-identified racial/ethnic groups: Hispanics, Asians, Blacks, and Whites. We then examined differences in screening, disease phenotype and severity, follow-up testing, and referral by race/ethnicity. Results: Among 1063 patients, 302 (28%) were Hispanics, 569 (54%) Asians, 161 (15%) Blacks, and 31 (3%) Whites. More Hispanics (30%) were screened in the acute setting (defined as inpatient or emergency department encounters) than Asians (13%), Blacks (17%), or Whites (23%) ( p <0.01). Hispanics also had lower rates of follow-up testing after HBV diagnosis than Asians including HBeAg status (43% vs. 60%, p <0.01) and HBV DNA levels (42% vs. 58%, p <0.01) and lower rates of linkage to specialty care (32% vs. 55%, p <0.01). Among those with available testing, however, the presence of immune-active chronic HBV was infrequent and similar across racial/ethnic groups. 25% of Hispanics had cirrhosis at initial presentation, proportionally higher than other groups ( p <0.01). Conclusion: Our results underscore the importance of raising chronic HBV awareness and increasing both screening and linkage to care among Hispanic immigrants in addition to the existing risk groups, with the goal of mitigating downstream liver-related complications.

show abstract

Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis in Foreign-Born Populations in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area, 2009–2015

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation Among US Medicaid Enrollees

Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation Among US Medicaid Enrollees

The Impact of Racial Disparities on Liver Disease Access and Outcomes

Disparities in presentation and management of chronic hepatitis B among Hispanics in a diverse safety net system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About