Prevalence of Vascular Complications Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in a Rural Health Center in South India

Abstract

Introduction: Vascular complications are the major cause of morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus. Screening for these complications is crucial in early detection and tertiary prevention. Hence, this study aimed at finding the prevalence of micro and macrovascular complications and their associated factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a rural health center by using simple and easily available tools. Methodology: This hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in Rural Health and Training Centre (RHTC) of Sri Ramachandra medical college from Jan 2017 to Aug 2017. All type 2 diabetes patients registered at RHTC were included in the study. By the use of questionnaire, clinical examination and laboratory investigations, the prevalence of macro and microvascular complications and associated factors were ascertained. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with vascular complications of diabetes. Results: The study included 390 type 2 diabetes patients. The overall prevalence of macrovascular and microvascular complications in our study population was 29.7% and 52.1%, respectively. Among the macrovascular complications, both coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) had a prevalence rate of 15.1%. Among the microvascular complications, peripheral neuropathy (44.9%) had the highest prevalence followed by nephropathy (12.1%) and diabetic foot (7.2%). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed high HbA1c level, lower education, high postprandial blood sugar, hypertension, abdominal obesity were significantly associated with increased risk of vascular complications of diabetes. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the increased prevalence of vascular complications in Type 2 diabetes patients in rural India. Regular screening to identify those patients at risk could prevent further progression of complications.

Association of Mean Platelet Volume With Vascular Complications in the Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…A study from South India reported the prevalence of microvascular and macrovascular complications to be 52.1% and 29.7%, respectively. Neuropathy was the most common microvascular complication and coronary artery disease and PVD were the most common macrovascular complications [11]. Another study from Sudan reported nephropathy to be the most common microvascular complication among type 2 diabetics [12].…”

The Risk for the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy: Interplay of Biochemical, Genetic, Nutritional and Lifestyle Factors

“…Microvascular complications in DM involve effects on small vessels, arterioles, capillaries, and venules. These complications develop early in the pathogenesis of T2DM and account for morbidity in the form of neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy [10,11]. The major cause of chronic renal disorder in patients who starts renal replacement therapy is DN [12].…”

TRIB3 promoter 33 bp VNTR is associated with the risk of cerebrovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients

“…Among them, vascular complications are characterized by a high morbidity rate and are the main causes of high mortality in diabetes. The incidence rate of macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with T2DM was about 29.7 and 52.1%, respectively ( Govindarajan Venguidesvarane et al, 2020 ). Although the incidence rate of T2DM complications has been decreasing in recent years, there are still a large number of T2DM patients with complications ( An et al, 2021 ).…”