Prevalence of uncontrolled blood pressure in Meknes, Morocco, and its associated risk factors in 2017

Abstract

Background Uncontrolled high blood pressure (UBP) can lead to various cardiovascular complications causing an estimated nine million deaths per year worldwide. In Meknes, epidemiologic data on UBP are scarce, depriving programs from evidence-based information that would allow a better management of hypertension. Hence, we aimed to assess UBP prevalence in hypertensive patients treated in Meknes and identify UBP-associated risk factors. Methods Between November and December 2017, we conducted a cross-sectional study enrolling 922 hypertensive patients managed at Meknes’s primary health care facilities using the multistage sampling method. We interviewed patients face to face to collect their socio-demographic-characteristics, lifestyle behaviours, clinical parameters and the triad care system-patient-physician. Another questionnaire was self-administered by physicians to characterize therapeutic inertia. A multivariate logistic regression analysis highlighted the risk factors associated with UBP. Results UBP prevalence was 73% with a mean age of 61±11 years (mean±standard deviation) and a male/female ratio of 1/3. Risk factors associated with UBP were: therapeutic inertia (adjusted odds ratio to other variables (AOR) = 18.2, 95% CI [8.35–39.84]), drug non-adherence (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI [1.07–3.04]), obesity/overweight (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.03–2.58]), unemployment (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI [1.09–3.01]), low income (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI [1.01–6.86]), family history of hypertension (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI [1.07–2.08]) and male sex (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.04–2.58]). Conclusion UBP prevalence is high in Meknes. Prevention should firstly focus on raised awareness of hypertensive patients’ self-care management. Secondly, health professionals should better comply to the guidelines of anti-hypertensive treatments. Lastly, health professionals should frequently be reminded to reach therapeutic goals to overcome therapeutic inertia.

Are Any Changes in Carotid Intima–Media Thickness Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Among Adult Bantu Central African Hypertensive Patients from Monkole and Biamba Marie Mutombo Hospitals?

“…In the middle of sub-Saharan Africa, poverty and political instability 38 , 48 , 50 worsen uncontrolled hypertension. 38 , 51…”

Pathophysiologically based antihypertensive pharmacotherapeutics rationality, efficacy and safety in Sub Saharan African Nations – A review

“…Blood pressure controlled in 32.9% Factors causing and contributing to non –adherence with medications and life style modifications and BP control Multiple daily drug doses Patient- health provider relationships Co- morbidities (compelling indications) Long duration of treatment Cost of Medications Adverse drug Forgetfulness and cigarette smoking Older age (>.65 years old) Physical inactivity Adding Salt to diet Chat chewing Coffee consumption Low socio-econpmic status Antihypertensive monotherapy Fake or Substandard Antihypertensive medications Poor quality amlodipine (29%) and captopril (26%) in generic versions or produced from certain global zones had <85% of the active pharmacological ingredient True Resistant/Refractory Hypertension Patient resistant to 5 antihypertensive drug combination including a diuretic and a mineralocorticoid antagonist (MRA) such as spironolactone. References [ [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] , [93] , [87] , [94] , [95] ]: UBP – Uncontrolled Blood Pressure. References [ [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] , [93] , [87] , [94] , [95] ]: …”

“… References [ [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] , [93] , [87] , [94] , [95] ]: UBP – Uncontrolled Blood Pressure. References [ [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] , [93] , [87] , [94] , [95] ]: …”

“… UBP – Uncontrolled Blood Pressure. References [ [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] , [93] , [87] , [94] , [95] ]: …”

Home Care Improves Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients: Exploring the Expanded Role of Community Pharmacists

“…It is estimated that hypertension may give rise nine million deaths annually across the globe [4]. Hypertension is also associated with high healthcare costs and it becomes a significant economic burden for patients, communities and public health system in many countries with 57 million disability-adjusted life years [5].…”