Prevalence of tuberculous lymphadenitis in slaughtered cattle in Eastern Cape, South Africa

Bhembe, Nolwazi Londiwe; Jaja, Ishmael Festus; Nwodo, Uchechukwu U.; Okoh, Anthony I.; Green, Ezekiel

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2017.05.005

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These techniques amplify two or more target genes in a reaction simultaneously [ 114 , 115 ]. A single target could end in a false-negative result, as a number of the targeted genes are not present in some MTBC strains [ 115 , 116 ]. The most efficient approach is one based on primers that amplify segments of the IS6110 element, especially targeting the 123 bp and 245 bp fragments.…”

Section: Molecular Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another PCR that produces excellent recognition of M. bovis isolates relies on the amplification of a 500 bp DNA segment, especially targeted for the 123 bp and 245 bp fragments inside the RvD 1Rv2031c genomic sequence [ 118 , 119 ]. Multiplex PCR has the advantage of being fast and accurate and can differentiate M. bovis from other members of MTBC by amplification of two DNA fragments [ 115 , 116 , 120 ].…”

Section: Molecular Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in wildlife: Review of current applications of antemortem and postmortem diagnosis

et al. 2020

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic inflammatory and zoonotic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) members, which affects various domestic animals, wildlife, and humans. Some wild animals serve as reservoir hosts in the transmission and epidemiology of the disease. Therefore, the monitoring and surveillance of both wild and domestic hosts are critical for prevention and control strategies. For TB diagnosis, the single intradermal tuberculin test or the single comparative intradermal tuberculin test, and the gamma-interferon test, which is regarded as an ancillary test, are used. Postmortem examination can identify granulomatous lesions compatible with a diagnosis of TB . In contrast, smears of the lesions can be stained for acid-fast bacilli, and samples of the affected organs can be subjected to histopathological analyses. Culture is the gold standard test for isolating mycobacterial bacilli because it has high sensitivity and specificity compared with other methods. Serology for antibody detection allows the testing of many samples simply, rapidly, and inexpensively, and the protocol can be standardized in different laboratories. Molecular biological analyses are also applicable to trace the epidemiology of the disease. In conclusion, reviewing the various techniques used in MTBC diagnosis can help establish guidelines for researchers when choosing a particular diagnostic method depending on the situation at hand, be it disease outbreaks in wildlife or for epidemiological studies. This is because a good understanding of various diagnostic techniques will aid in monitoring and managing emerging pandemic threats of infectious diseases from wildlife and also preventing the potential spread of zoonotic TB to livestock and humans. This review aimed to provide up-to-date information on different techniques used for diagnosing TB at the interfaces between wildlife, livestock, and humans.

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Section: Molecular Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in wildlife: Review of current applications of antemortem and postmortem diagnosis

et al. 2020

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“…Most farmers (nearly 70%) in South Africa live in harsh agroecological zones unbefitting for producing crops, which necessitates them to focus on livestock agriculture to make a livelihood. In South Africa, the Eastern Cape Province has one of the highest numbers of cattle, and its economy is dependent on livestock farming, which plays an important role in the nation's economy [23]. This project was approved by the University of Fort Hare Research Ethics Committee (UREC), and an ethical clearance certificate, REC-270710-028-RA, was issued.…”

Section: Study Setting and Ethical Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet again, in 2014 Bhembe et al [20] reported 5% prevalence of MTBC with 100% MDR-TB from TB patients. In 2017, Bhembe et al [23] investigated the prevalence of resistant MDR-TB in cattle farmers. The study reported 156 cases of MDR-TB in the province.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of mutations in the rpoB gene conferring rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated from lymph nodes of slaughtered cattle from South Africa

Bhembe

Green

2020

Braz J Microbiol

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an ongoing public health care, with the state of affairs exacerbated by the growth of anti-TB drug-resistant forms in South Africa. Not much attention is given to zoonotic TB. Thus, this study aimed to determine the presence of rpoB mutations among Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates of lymph nodes from slaughtered cattle. A count of 14,950 carcasses from selected abattoirs were examined for nodular lesions and enlarged lymph nodes; 376 lymph nodes were cultured for MTBC. Positive isolates were tested for drug sensitivity against three anti-TB drugs, rifampicin, isoniazid, and ethambutol, using the Lowenstein-Jensen proportion method. Rifampicin-resistant isolates were sequenced, and spoligotyping was performed for lineage classification. A total of 162 isolates were confirmed as MTBC and 42 isolates were resistant to rifampicin. All rifampicin-resistant isolates carried the H526D rpoB mutation, and almost all of them carried an additional nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution in the hot spot region, in three other codons (510, 516 and 522). In total, 5 different mutations at four codons are reported, including one isolate showing 3 of them which has never been reported in South Africa. In addition, we report 4 different spoligo patterns, with 34 isolates known and 8 unknown spoligotype international types. From the known clades, 5 (11.9%) isolates were identified as Bov_4 caprae lineage, 29 (69%) Beijing, and 8 (19.1%) remaining unknown clades. The detection of MTBC-resistant patterns from cattle lymph nodes (Eastern Cape, South Africa) necessitates the investigation of other possible routes of MTBC transmission.

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“…El diagnóstico de la tuberculosis bovina se puede lograr mediante el uso de métodos de laboratorio convencionales como cultivo y frotis al microscopio, Estos métodos son económicos pero su sensibilidad es baja, recientemente, técnicas moleculares de mejor rendimiento y más asequibles han sido introducidas como PCR, el método de diagnóstico más utilizado para la detección de animales tuberculosos es la prueba de tuberculina, que puede realizarse de tres formas: por la prueba simple cervical, cervical comparativa o del pliegue caudal, otras pruebas diagnósticas utilizadas son el ensayo de interferóngamma(IFN-γ) y pruebas ELISA para detección de anticuerpos. (BHEMBE et al, 2017;OLIVEIRA et al, 2007;CASAL et al, 2017) El objetivo de este estudio fue describir y d o c u m e n t a r l a s c a r a c t e r í s t i c a s anatomopatologicas de un bovino infectado con tuberculosis en Viçosa, MG, Brasil.…”

Section: Introduccionunclassified

Hallazgos anatomopatologicos en un bovino infectado con tuberculosis en Vicosa, Brasil

Montes

et al. 2018

Rev Colombiana Cienc Anim. RECIA

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Se reportó un caso de tuberculosis bovina en una hembra Holstein de aproximadamente 350kg de peso, la cual fue necropsiada por el servicio de patología animal de la facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad de Viçosa, Brasil. El propietario reporta emaciación progresiva, debido al pésimo estado de salud se decidió sacrificar el animal y posteriormente se trasladó al área de patología donde fue realizada la necropsia. Se evidencio pelaje hirsuto, mucosas pálidas y marcada caquexia a la inspección externa del cadáver, los hallazgos anatomopatológicas en la necropsia revelaron importantes lesiones como: áreas caseificadas nodulares en músculos en la región intercostal, pleura, pulmón, hígado y ganglios linfáticos pre-escapulares. El diagnóstico definitivo del cadáver fue tuberculosis bovina.

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Prevalence of tuberculous lymphadenitis in slaughtered cattle in Eastern Cape, South Africa

Abstract: The presence of live Mycobacterium strains in slaughtered cattle poses a health risk to beef consumers and abattoir workers.

Cited by 19 publications

References 53 publications

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in wildlife: Review of current applications of antemortem and postmortem diagnosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in wildlife: Review of current applications of antemortem and postmortem diagnosis

Characterization of mutations in the rpoB gene conferring rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated from lymph nodes of slaughtered cattle from South Africa

Hallazgos anatomopatologicos en un bovino infectado con tuberculosis en Vicosa, Brasil

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