Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and Coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the United States as Determined by the Aptima Trichomonas vaginalis Nucleic Acid Amplification Assay

Ginocchio, C. C.; Chapin, Kimberle; Smith, Jennifer S.; Aslanzadeh, Jaber; Snook, J.; Hill, Craig; Gaydos, Charlotte A.

doi:10.1128/jcm.00748-12

Cited by 139 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The prevalence was highest among women 40 years of age or older. This finding was consistent with that reported by other authors [21]. A survey that included more than 140,000 women in the Federal District, Midwest region of Brazil, found a prevalence of 7.3% [22].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in women of reproductive age at a family health clinic

Glehn

Sá

Silva

et al. 2017

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis is considered the most prevalent curable sexually transmitted infection, and its occurrence exceeds that of gonococcal and chlamydia infections. This parasite has been identified as responsible for the increased risk of transmission of HIV and has also been associated with prostate and cervical cancer. Many carriers of T. vaginalis are asymptomatic and, when experiencing a health problem, they most often have nonspecific symptoms. The aim of this research was to estimate the presence of T. vaginalis and the associated factors in women of childbearing age at a primary health care clinic in the Federal District of Brazil. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with consecutive sampling of an outpatient population of women of childbearing age (excluding minors and pregnant women). The women answered a questionnaire and were examined. After vaginal pH measurement and whiff testing, a vaginal secretion sample was obtained for inoculation in TYM, a specific T. vaginalis culture medium. Results: The presence of T. vaginalis was identified in 16% of the sample. Fewer lifetime sexual partners and consistent condom use were identified as factors of protection against the infection. Complaints of dyspareunia were proportionally higher among women with positive cultures for T. vaginalis. Conclusions: The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection was high in the sample studied. The infection was positively associated with the number of lifetime sexual partners, and consistent condom use was a protective factor. Vaginal complaints were more common among women with T. vaginalis, but only dyspareunia had significant association.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Infection with T. vaginalis has also been associated with variables such as age [21], smoking [18], and use of hormonal contraceptives [42]. In our study, however, there was no association between positive results for T. vaginalis and any of these variables.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in women of reproductive age at a family health clinic

Glehn

Sá

Silva

et al. 2017

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…vaginalis ASR is now formatted as the APTIMA Trichomonas vaginalis assay, with U.S. Food and Drug Administration indications for female first-void urine, genital swab, and gynecological specimens (24). The method has been the basis for at least two female trichomoniasis epidemiological assessments (1,7). However, sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence limitations were inherent to these two reports.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Female Epidemiology of Transcription-Mediated Amplification-Based Trichomonas vaginalis Detection in a Metropolitan Setting with a High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infection

et al. 2012

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bRecent literature has reported increased accuracy of Trichomonas vaginalis transcription-mediated amplification (TMA)-based analyte-specific reagent (ASR) testing in female populations. A retrospective investigation assessed 7,277 female first-void urine, cervical, or vaginal specimens submitted from a high-prevalence sexually transmitted infection (STI) community to characterize prevalence of disease etiologies. The most common STI phenotype reflected detection of solely T. vaginalis (54.2% of all health care encounters that resulted in STI detection). In females with detectable T. vaginalis, codetection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae occurred in 7.8% and 2.7% of health care encounters, respectively. The mean age of women with detectable T. vaginalis (30.6) was significantly higher than those for women with C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae (22.3 and 21.6, respectively; P < 0.0001). T. vaginalis was the predominant sexually transmitted agent in women over the age of 20 (P < 0.0002). C. trachomatis was the most commonly detected agent in females under the age of 21, particularly from cervical specimens. However, first-void urine detection rates for T. vaginalis and C. trachomatis within this age demographic demonstrated no difference (P ‫؍‬ 0.92). While overall and cervical specimen-derived detection of T. vaginalis within African American majority geographical locales outweighed that within majority Caucasian geographical regions (P < 0.004), this difference was not noted with first-void urine screening (P ‫؍‬ 0.54). Health care professionals can consider TMA-based T. vaginalis screening for a wide age range of patients; incorporation of first-void urine specimens into screening algorithms can potentiate novel insight into the epidemiology of trichomoniasis.

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“…Prevalence of T. vaginalis was found to be 3.1%− 8.7% in reproductive aged women in USA by nucleic acid amplification test [14,15]. The prevalence may increase to 38% in drug using African-American women and 9%-30% in HIV positive women [16,17].…”

Section: T Vaginalis In Infertile Turkish Women Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis in infertile Turkish women

et al. 2015

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Background: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted vaginal infection caused by a protozoan called Trichomonas vaginalis. Its prevalence ranges between 3−40% among randomly tested women. Objectives: To investigate the presence of T. vaginalis in infertile women presenting to a Turkish gynecology outpatient clinic using parasitological methods. Methods:The study population comprised 51 patient participants who attended the gynecology clinic of Mustafa Kemal University Hospital between March and August 2013. The women were divided into those presenting with infertility (n = 22) and a patient control group (n = 29). Women in the control group had complaints other than infertility. Microscopic examination, Giemsa staining, and cysteine-peptone-liver-maltose culture were performed on samples taken from posterior fornix tested for T. vaginalis. Results: T. vaginalis was observed in 18% (n = 4) of infertile patients and in none of the control group (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Asymptomatic infertile women should be examined for T. vaginalis infection, which may play a role as a cause or contributing factor in infertility.

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Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and Coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the United States as Determined by the Aptima Trichomonas vaginalis Nucleic Acid Amplification Assay

Cited by 139 publications

References 32 publications

Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in women of reproductive age at a family health clinic

Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in women of reproductive age at a family health clinic

Female Epidemiology of Transcription-Mediated Amplification-Based Trichomonas vaginalis Detection in a Metropolitan Setting with a High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infection

Investigation of the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis in infertile Turkish women

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