Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis is considered the most prevalent curable sexually transmitted infection, and its occurrence exceeds that of gonococcal and chlamydia infections. This parasite has been identified as responsible for the increased risk of transmission of HIV and has also been associated with prostate and cervical cancer. Many carriers of T. vaginalis are asymptomatic and, when experiencing a health problem, they most often have nonspecific symptoms. The aim of this research was to estimate the presence of T. vaginalis and the associated factors in women of childbearing age at a primary health care clinic in the Federal District of Brazil. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with consecutive sampling of an outpatient population of women of childbearing age (excluding minors and pregnant women). The women answered a questionnaire and were examined. After vaginal pH measurement and whiff testing, a vaginal secretion sample was obtained for inoculation in TYM, a specific T. vaginalis culture medium. Results: The presence of T. vaginalis was identified in 16% of the sample. Fewer lifetime sexual partners and consistent condom use were identified as factors of protection against the infection. Complaints of dyspareunia were proportionally higher among women with positive cultures for T. vaginalis. Conclusions: The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection was high in the sample studied. The infection was positively associated with the number of lifetime sexual partners, and consistent condom use was a protective factor. Vaginal complaints were more common among women with T. vaginalis, but only dyspareunia had significant association.

Aim:The aim of this study was to describe the most common gynecological complaints and possible associated factors among women of reproductive age attended at a family health-care clinic.Methodology:A transversal study conducted with a sample of an outpatient population consisting of women of reproductive age. Pregnant women and minors were excluded. The final sample consisted of women between 18 and 49 years of age. The participants answered a questionnaire in which the complaints of the last 4 weeks were registered. They were examined, had the vaginal pH assessed, and secretion was tested using a 10% potassium hydroxide solution to verify the presence of amine odor (whiff test).Results:Most participants were black or of mixed races. Considering the frequency of complaints, there were no significant differences between white and nonwhite women. There was an association between vaginal pH and discharge complaints as well as unpleasant odor, positive test of amines, smoking, and performing vaginal douches.Conclusions:Vaginal complaints were common among participants; the practice of vaginal douches was also frequent and was associated with higher pH values. The use of hormonal contraceptives was associated with lower pH values. There was no significant association between condom use and gynecological complaints, vaginal pH, or the whiff test.

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Background Vector-borne diseases, especially arboviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos, should be a health policy priority in Brazil. Despite this urgency, there are significant limitations in the traditional surveillance system, mainly in vulnerable areas. This study aimed to investigate the circulation of dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and chikungunya viruses (CHIKV) by laboratory syndromic surveillance (LSS) in a slum area of the Federal District of Brazil, comparing the results with traditional surveillance data. Methods LSS for acute febrile and/or exanthematous symptoms was developed at a health unit of Cidade Estrutural, in order to identify the circulation of arboviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos. Between June 2019 and March 2020, 131 valid participants were identified and sera tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for DENV (by serotype), ZIKV, and CHIKV acute infection and by immunoglobulin M enzyme-inked immunosorbent assay (ELISA-IgM) for DENV and CHIKV 15–21 days after symptom onset, when the participant reported no respiratory signs (cough and/or coryza). The results obtained were compared with traditional surveillance data for the study area and period. Results At least three DENV-1 (2.3%), four DENV-2 (3%), and one CHIKV (0.7%) cases were confirmed in the laboratory, showing evidence of hyperendemicity even though LSS had not reached the historic peak dengue fever months in the Federal District (April–May). When the results obtained here were compared with traditional surveillance, a significant discrepancy was observed, including underreporting of CHIKV infection. Conclusions In addition to the risks posed to the study population, the area investigated with its respective socio-environmental profile may be a potential site for spread of the virus, given the cosmopolitan presence of Aedes sp. and human mobility in the Federal District. It is also suggested that traditional epidemiological surveillance may be reporting acute viral infections other than DENV as dengue fever, while underreporting other arboviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos in the Federal District. Graphical Abstract

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Background: Vector-borne diseases, especially arbiviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos, should be a health policy priority in Brazil. Despite this urgency, there are significant limitations in the traditional surveillance system, such as lack of timely notification in identifying outbreaks at their onset and the systemic dismantling of entomological control in recent decades. Methods: Laboratory syndromic surveillance for acute febrile and/or exanthematous syndromes was developed at a health unit in a favela (Portuguese for slum) of the Federal District in order to identify the circulation of arboviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos. Between June/2019 and March/2020, 131 valid participants were identified and tested by RT-PCR for dengue (by serotype), Zika and Chikungunya virus acute infection; and ELISA-IgM for dengue fever and Chikungunya 15-21 days after symptom onset, when the participant reported no respiratory signs (cough and/or coryza). The results obtained were compared with traditional epidemiological surveillance data for the study area. Results: At least 3 DENV-1 (2.3%), 4 DENV-2 (3%) and 1 CHIKV (0.7%) cases were confirmed in the laboratory, showing evidence of hyperendemicity even though laboratory syndromic surveillance had not reached the historic peak dengue fever months in the Federal District (April-May). When the results obtained here were compared with traditional epidemiological surveillance data, a significant discrepancy was observed, including underreporting of Chikungunya infection. Conclusions: in addition to the risks posed to the study population, the area investigated and its respective socioenvironmental profile may be a potential site for spreading the virus, given the cosmopolitan presence of Aedes sp. and human mobility in the Federal District. It is also suggested that traditional epidemiological surveillance may be notifying different acute viral infections such as dengue fever, while underreporting other arboviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos in the Federal District.

ResumoOs autores relatam um agregado de casos de envenenamento por Jatropha curcas. A planta está localizada em área pública e foi encontrada por um grupo de crianças, que consumiram as sementes. As crianças foram atendidas em hospitais da rede pública e privada do Distrito Federal, e nenhum caso evoluiu com gravidade. Palavras-chave: Intoxicação por plantas. Euphorbiaceae/envenenamento. Investigação de surtos de doenças, A cluster of Jatropha curcas poisoning. AbstractThe authors report a cluster of Jatropha curcas poisoning. The plant is located in a public area and was found by a group of children, who consumed the seeds. The children were taken to hospitals of the public and private network of the Federal District, and no case progressed with severity. Keywords: Plant poisonings. Euphorbiaceae (Jatropha)/poisoning. Disease outbreaks. A planta é encontrada em países tropicais, incluindo o continente americano, partes da Austrália, Flórida, países da África e Ásia (BEGG; GASKIN, [s.d.]).