Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy and its association with feto-maternal outcomes: A prospective observational study from a tertiary care institute in Northern India

Kumar, Roushali; Bansal, Rajesh; Shergill, Harbhajan Kaur; Garg, Priyanka

doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101201

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The main maternal adverse outcomes are pre-eclampsia, pregnancy induced hypertension, and placental abruption and main fetal adverse outcomes were fetal demise, spontaneous abortions, low birth weight, NICU admissions, and IUGR. [ 3 5 6 7 ] All studies included pregnant females in the second trimester. In our study, main adverse outcome was pre-eclampsia, but surprisingly there were no significant preterm deliveries, or abortion or neonatal complications noted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 2 ] Overt hypothyroidism varies from 2.5% in the West to 11%-31.6% from India. [ 3 4 5 6 7 8 ] In India, many studies have identified a high undetected prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnancy and various adverse feto-maternal outcomes. [ 3 4 6 7 ]In most studies, identification and treatment of thyroid disorders are usually done in the second trimester of pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 3 4 5 6 7 8 ] In India, many studies have identified a high undetected prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnancy and various adverse feto-maternal outcomes. [ 3 4 6 7 ]In most studies, identification and treatment of thyroid disorders are usually done in the second trimester of pregnancy. The present study was carried out to study the prevalence of undetected thyroid dysfunction during the first trimester of pregnancy and to start early treatment within 10 weeks of gestation and follow-up for feto-maternal outcomes, whether with early timely treatment has any effect on outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early treatment will prevent feto-maternal complications in thyroid disorders during pregnancy: A prospective study

Vaishnav,

Pandya,

Shrivastava

et al. 2023

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Context: Associations between adverse maternal complications and fetal outcomes are known entity in thyroid disorders during pregnancy. Thus, prompt identification of thyroid disorders and timely initiation of treatment is essential. Universal screening and early treatment of pregnant women for thyroid disorder should be considered especially in a resource-limited country like India with a high prevalence of undiagnosed thyroid disorders and adverse feto-maternal outcomes. Aims: Early treatment will prevent feto-maternal complications in thyroid disorders in pregnant females visiting outpatient department in tertiary care hospital in rural settings. Settings and Design: This study was conducted in a tertiary care rural-based medical college with participation from departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medicine, and ENT. Methods and Material: Expectant mothers in first trimester who had urine pregnancy test positive in outpatient clinic were included after a written informed consent. Detailed history and examination was done. TSH was done if abnormal—FT3 and FT4 were done. All thyroid disorders were treated according to American Thyroid Association (ATA) 2017 guideline. All pregnancies were followed up for maternal complications and fetal outcomes. Statistical Analysis Used: Data from the performa were entered in Office Excel and analysis was performed using STATA (14.2). Descriptive statistics (mean [standard deviation], Frequency [%], etc.) were used to depict profile of study participants, prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, and outcome measures. Chi-square test was employed to assess the association between thyroid dysfunction and various maternal and fetal outcomes. A P value less than. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 350 pregnant females, 83 (23.5%) pregnant females had thyroid disorder. Of which, 33 (9.4%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 37 (10.5%) had overt hypothyroidism, 11 (3.1%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism, and two (0.5%) had hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy increases with increasing age (P value. 001) and not associated with parity, abortion, and consumption of iodized salt. Total patients with feto-maternal outcome follow-up were 241. Pre-eclampsia (P value. 004) was a significant complication in hypothyroid mothers. There was no significant difference in the rate of cesarean section and preterm delivery in hypothyroid and euthyroid mothers. Neonatal outcomes showed more trends of abortion, fetal demise, and IUFD in the hypothyroid group, although not statistically significant. (P value. 07). Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence of thyroid disorders during pregnancy, universal screening of thyroid disorders should be done in early pregnancy instead of high-risk screening. Early detection and early treatment in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy help to prevent maternal and fetal complications of thyroid disorders in pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia is to be monitored in treated pregnant females with hypothyroidism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early treatment will prevent feto-maternal complications in thyroid disorders during pregnancy: A prospective study

Vaishnav,

Pandya,

Shrivastava

et al. 2023

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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“…The prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries has been reported to be 5–31.6%, which is higher than the prevalence in developed countries. 7 , 11–16 Furthermore, factors such as old age, chronic medical disease, adverse maternal and newborn outcomes, and a personal and family history of thyroid dysfunction have been correlated with hypothyroidism during pregnancy. 7 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 , 11–16 Furthermore, factors such as old age, chronic medical disease, adverse maternal and newborn outcomes, and a personal and family history of thyroid dysfunction have been correlated with hypothyroidism during pregnancy. 7 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and Its Associations with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among Pregnant Women in A General Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

Abadi,

Jama,

Legesse

et al. 2023

IJWH

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Background Hypothyroidism affects 3–5% of all pregnant mothers, making it the most common thyroid disorder associated with pregnancy. Furthermore, it is associated with adverse outcomes of pregnancy and newborn. Therefore, this research is aimed at determining the magnitude and pregnancy adverse outcomes associated with hypothyroidism among pregnant women having maternity services in a general hospital in Somalia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women who delivered in the hospital between December 2022 and May 2023. Subjects were selected through systematic sampling and data collected through an interviewer-based questionnaire. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of P values and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the correlation between variables. Results The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 23.6% (95% CI: [19.4–27.8]). Overt DM (AOR=9.125, CI (3.106–26.812)), History of Recurrent pregnancy loss (AOR=12.938, CI (4.958–33.763), hypertension during pregnancy (AOR=6.718, CI (2.326–19.994)) and preterm delivery (AOR=7.015, CI (3.234–13.958)) were variables associated with hypothyroidism in pregnancy. Conclusion The study has shown a high prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy at Daruxannan Hospital compared to previous studies around the world. This finding highlights the need for national and regional surveys to identify the prevalence and associated factors that contribute to hypothyroidism in pregnancy to set up interventions and determine policy directions.

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Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease During Pregnancy

Sakr

2024

Head and Neck and Endocrine Surgery

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Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy and its association with feto-maternal outcomes: A prospective observational study from a tertiary care institute in Northern India

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Early treatment will prevent feto-maternal complications in thyroid disorders during pregnancy: A prospective study

Early treatment will prevent feto-maternal complications in thyroid disorders during pregnancy: A prospective study

Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and Its Associations with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among Pregnant Women in A General Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease During Pregnancy

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