Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and Its Associations with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among Pregnant Women in A General Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

Abadi, Kidus Kebede; Jama, Abdikani Hassan; Legesse, Awol Yemane; Gebremichael, Akebom Kidanemariam

doi:10.2147/ijwh.s429611

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Particularly prevalent among pregnant women, there are clear changes in thyroid function, eventually forming hypothyroidism. [ 1 , 2 ] Hypothyroidism is a common clinical disease that mostly affects women of childbearing age. During pregnancy, relative hypothyroidism may occur due to a temporary increase in the body’s need for the thyroid gland, resulting in hypothyroidism during pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associated factors of depression in primiparas with hypothyroidism during pregnancy

Wang,

Huang,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Medicine

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This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the associated factors of depression in primiparas with hypothyroidism during pregnancy. The research subjects were 200 primiparas with hypothyroidism during pregnancy who were admitted to our hospital between December 2016 and December 2019. Self-rating depression scale scores were used to evaluate the depression, and the incidence of depression were examined. The data from all the subjects were collected to compare the differences between primiparas with hypothyroidism during pregnancy with and without depression. A logistic regression equation was used to analyze the influencing factors of depression in these patients. Of the 200 primiparas who took part in this study, 27 suffered from depression, accounting for 13.50%. There were differences in age, education level, economic income, sleep quality, and conjugal relations between the depressed and the nondepressed participants. When the above factors were included in the logistic regression equation, it was found that the odds ratio values for these factors were all >1, which indicated that they had an influence on maternal depression in primiparas with hypothyroidism during pregnancy. This study demonstrated that pregnancy-associated hypothyroidism in primiparas is affected by age, education level, economic income, sleep quality, and conjugal relations, all of which increase the incidence of depression. Relevant preventive measures should be provided in clinical practice to avoid the occurrence of depression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associated factors of depression in primiparas with hypothyroidism during pregnancy

Wang,

Huang,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Medicine

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confidence: 99%

Dynamic Monitoring of Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy [Letter]

Pei,

Liu,

Huang

2023

IJWH

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With great interest, we have read the research by Kidus Kebede Abadi et al about prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy and its associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women in a general hospital. 1 The purpose of this research is to determine the magnitude and pregnancy adverse outcomes associated with hypothyroidism among pregnant women having maternity services in a general hospital in Somalia. After rigorous experimental design and implementation, this study has shown a high prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy at Daruxannan Hospital compared to previous studies around the world.In this study, the authors used the standard 0.3-3.0 mIU/L for third trimester. The diagnosis of hypothyroidism in pregnancy is dynamic. In first and second trimesters, normal thyroid stimulating hormone has different ranges, which are usually 0.1-2.5 mIU/L and 0.2-3.0 mIU/L. 2 Many studies have recommended the establishment of specific TSH reference ranges for each region. 3 This study also needs to consider the proportion of abnormal thyroid stimulating hormone in late pregnancy had been already abnormal in first and second trimesters. This hypothyroidism may require intervention. Therefore, some of the adverse pregnancy outcomes in the study, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and preterm birth, may be related to hypothyroidism in first and second trimesters rather than late pregnancy.In general, this study helps to establish local thyroid stimulating hormone reference ranges. The management of hypothyroidism is required throughout pregnancy.

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“Dynamic Monitoring of Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy” article [Response to Letter]

Abadi

2023

IJWH

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We would like to appreciate the thoughtful and generous comments provided to us in the letter to the editor, and we also thank the editors for the chance to respond to the comments offered and expand discussion of our work.The reader puts emphasis on the importance of specific ranges of thyroid stimulating hormones for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in pregnancy at different stages of pregnancy. It is crucial to note that the range of values for thyroid stimulating hormones is different according to the trimester of pregnancy. Accordingly, the American Thyroid Association guideline 2011 was used in our study to evaluate the results of thyroid stimulating hormone taking a reference range of 0.3-3.0 m Iu/L for the third trimester of pregnancy. 1 We have used the reference value for the third trimester of pregnancy because our study participants were mainly in the third trimester. However, the detection of thyroid disorders during pregnancy must be initiated prior to conception or in the early stages of pregnancy because the adverse outcome of hypothyroidism can occur throughout the pregnancy. 2 Therefore, the study evaluated the prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy that could have existed throughout pregnancy. Moreover, we included pregnant mothers who were presented during delivery in the study period as our objective was to analyse pregnancy outcomes during delivery. However, we would like to remind our readers that treatment has to be started as soon as the diagnosis is made. As a result, complications could be prevented early.In addition, the reader has also pointed out another important issue. Various studies have recommended the use of specific reference ranges of thyroid stimulating hormones for particular regions. 3 However, there are inadequate studies in the region to establish specific references of thyroid stimulating hormone values in our study area. Therefore, we have used the standard 0.3-3.0 m IU/L reference value for the third trimester of pregnancy. Moreover, our study would contribute to establishing local thyroid stimulating hormone reference ranges for the specific area.Finally, one of the novelties of our study is that we have analyzed the adverse outcomes of pregnancy associated with hypothyroidism in addition to the magnitude of the disorder. Therefore, we highlight the importance of early screening for thyroid disorders in pregnancy and adequate treatment throughout the pregnancy to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. 4 1711

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Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and Its Associations with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among Pregnant Women in A General Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Associated factors of depression in primiparas with hypothyroidism during pregnancy

Associated factors of depression in primiparas with hypothyroidism during pregnancy

Dynamic Monitoring of Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy [Letter]

“Dynamic Monitoring of Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy” article [Response to Letter]

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