Prevalence of the bla _CTX-M and bla _TEM genes among extended-spectrum beta lactamase–producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Indonesia

Abstract

Introduction Infections of humans and animals by multidrug resistant bacteria are increasing because of the inappropriate use of antibiotics. Disease management may be more challenging if Escherichia coli produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), which could cause resistance to aztreonam and third-generation cephalosporins. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of the bla CTX-M and bla TEM genes among ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from broiler chickens in Indonesia. Material and Methods A total of 115 broiler cloacal swab samples were obtained from 22 farms and studied for the presence of E. coli. The isolates were identified using approved standard methods and were purified on eosin methylene blue agar media. The E. coli isolates were subjected to sensitivity testing using beta-lactam antibiotics, and ESBL production was confirmed by a double-disc synergy test. The presence of the bla CTX-M and bla TEM genes was identified using a PCR. Results It was found that 99/115 (86.1%) of the isolated E. coli were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and 34/115 (29.6%) of them were phenotypically detected to be ESBL producers. Of the 34 isolates that were confirmed ESBL producers, 32/34 (94.1%) of them harboured the bla CTX-M and 13/34 (38.2%) the bla TEM genes. The bla CTX-M and bla TEM genes were detected together in 12/34 (35.3%) isolates. Conclusion This study discovered that broiler chickens are possible reservoirs of ESBL-producing E. coli that may infect humans. Thus, a committed public health education campaign is recommended in order to mitigate the potential threat to human health.

Molecular detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from bat caves on Lombok Island

“…The spread of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteria is one of the public health problems in the world today ( Effendi et al ., 2021 ) as it could complicate treatment options and further result in serious economic burden and losses. Enzymes generated by bacteria harboring ESBL genes can hydrolyze beta-lactam antibiotics, including third and fourth-generation cephalosporins ( Riwu et al, 2020 ; Faridah et al, 2023 ). Several ESBL variants, such as bla TEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M, are currently found on bacterial plasmids ( Benavides et al ., 2021 ; Wibisono et al, 2021 ).…”

Molecular detection of hlyF gene on multidrug resistance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from ducks on wet markets of Surabaya, Indonesia

“…The use of antibiotics in animal production has a major impact on public health, increasing the incidence of antibiotic and multidrug resistance (Saha et al 2020;Effendi et al 2021;Yousef et al 2023). Resistance events can be transmitted to other animals and humans through direct contact, production of animal products, and indirectly through the environment (Vidovic and Vidovic 2020;Tyasningsih et al 2022;Faridah et al 2023). Resistance to more than three types of antibiotics from different groups is called multidrug resistance (MDR).…”