Prevalence of Speech Delay in 6-Year-Old Children and Comorbidity With Language Impairment

Shriberg, Lawrence D.; Tomblin, J. Bruce; McSweeny, Jane L.

doi:10.1044/jslhr.4206.1461

Cited by 475 publications

(409 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although research shows that more males than females have other forms of speech and language impairments, the ratio of males to females is considerably lower for these other disorders. Studies indicate point prevalence rates for speech delay of 4.5% for boys and 3.1% for girls (Shriberg, Tomblin, & McSweeny, 1999). The sex difference in prevalence estimates may reflect bias in clinical ascertainment of cases in studies of CAS, in contrast to the population-based cluster-sampling procedures used in the Shriberg et al (1999) study.…”

Section: Limitations Of Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Studies indicate point prevalence rates for speech delay of 4.5% for boys and 3.1% for girls (Shriberg, Tomblin, & McSweeny, 1999). The sex difference in prevalence estimates may reflect bias in clinical ascertainment of cases in studies of CAS, in contrast to the population-based cluster-sampling procedures used in the Shriberg et al (1999) study. A method for reducing this potential sex bias is to examine affection status among siblings of the cases.…”

Section: Limitations Of Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Rates of affection for all nuclear family members in all groups were well above population estimates of 6% (cf. Shriberg et al, 1999).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Cas Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

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Family pedigrees of children with suspected childhood apraxia of speech

Lewis

Freebairn

Hansen

et al. 2004

Journal of Communication Disorders

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Forty-two children (29 boys and 13 girls), ages 3-10 years, were referred from the caseloads of clinical speech-language pathologists for suspected childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). According to results from tests of speech and oral motor skills, 22 children met criteria for CAS, including a severely limited consonant and vowel repertoire, difficulty sequencing syllables, and inconsistent and unusual errors. Family pedigrees for these children were constructed through parent interviews and direct testing of nuclear family members. Familial aggregation for speech-sound and language disorders was demonstrated with 86% reporting at least one nuclear family member affected. Based on parent report, 13 of the 22 children (59%) had at least one affected parent. However, CAS was evident in only two siblings of probands with CAS and two probands with other speech-sound disorders. Based on testing, overall affection rates of speech-sound/language disorders were higher in families of children with CAS than in families of children with other speech-sound disorders.Mothers of children with CAS demonstrated a higher affection rate than mothers of children with other speech-sound disorders. A sex-related threshold model of transmission was also supported with brothers more often affected than sisters for male probands only. If our inclusionary criteria for CAS are valid, these findings support a general verbal trait deficit hypothesis. Learning outcomes: (1) As a result of this activity, the participant will understand potential familial risk factors for CAS; (2) will differentiate aggregation for speech-sound and language disorders in families with CAS from families of children who have other speech-sound disorders; (3) will

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Section: Limitations Of Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Limitations Of Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Family pedigrees of children with suspected childhood apraxia of speech

Lewis

Freebairn

Hansen

et al. 2004

Journal of Communication Disorders

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“…Shriberg, Tomblin, and McSweeny (1998) report 11-15% co-morbidity of speech delay with LI at 6 years of age, with considerably higher co-morbidity rates estimated for preschool children with speech delay (40-60%; Shriberg & Kwiatkowski, 1994). Numerous studies have validated the utility of this dichotomy by demonstrating poorer outcomes for children with combined SSD and LI than for children with isolated SSD (Aram & Hall, 1989;Bishop & Adams, 1990;Felsenfeld, McGue, & Broen, 1995;Hall & Tomblin, 1978;Lewis, Freebairn, & Taylor, 2000;Menyuk et al, 1991;Nathan, Stackhouse, Goulandris, & Snowling, 2004;Shriberg & Austin, 1998).…”

Section: Subtype Classificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensions of early speech sound disorders: A factor analytic study

Lewis

Freebairn

Hansen

et al. 2006

Journal of Communication Disorders

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The goal of this study was to classify children with speech sound disorders (SSD) empirically, using factor analytic techniques. Participants were 3-7-year olds enrolled in speech/language therapy (N = 185). Factor analysis of an extensive battery of speech and language measures provided support for two distinct factors, representing the skill dimensions of articulation/phonology and semantic/ syntactic skills. To validate these factors, 38 of the children were followed to school age to re-evaluate speech and language skills and assess reading/spelling achievement. The validity of the two factors was supported by their differential associations with school-age reading and spelling achievement, persistence of SSD, and affection status in family members. A closer relationship of the family member to the proband and male gender predicted higher odds of a disorder. The findings suggest that articulation/phonology and language abilities are at least partially independent in children with SSD and that these constructs have distinct clinical and biological correlates. Learning outcomes: The reader will develop knowledge about subtypes of speech sound disorders, understand the relationship between early speech sound disorders and later reading and spelling difficulties, and obtain information concerning familial transmission of speech sound disorders. #

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“…Consistent with the wide age range of participants in this group shown in Table 2 (3-9 years), only some had language impairment at the time they were administered the SRT, with individual differences likely in the type and severity of language impairment in participants who had comorbid speechlanguage impairment. In a population sample of monolingual English-speaking 6-year-old children, approximately 11%-15% of children with persisting SD had specific language impairment (Shriberg, Tomblin, & McSweeny, 1999). Thus, the present nonsignificant but lower averaged z-scores across the four SRT parameters in this fairly large sample of speakers with SD (n = 119) are interpreted as support for the construct validity of the SRT variables, particularly Transcoding (mean z-score = −0.75) as sensitive to some type of speech processing deficit.…”

Section: Representational Deficits In Casmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: III. Theoretical Coherence of the Pause Marker with Speech Processing Deficits in Childhood Apraxia of Speech

Shriberg

Strand

Fourakis

et al. 2017

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose Previous articles in this supplement described rationale for and development of the pause marker (PM), a diagnostic marker of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), and studies supporting its validity and reliability. The present article assesses the theoretical coherence of the PM with speech processing deficits in CAS. Method PM and other scores were obtained for 264 participants in 6 groups: CAS in idiopathic, neurogenetic, and complex neurodevelopmental disorders; adult-onset apraxia of speech (AAS) consequent to stroke and primary progressive apraxia of speech; and idiopathic speech delay. Results Participants with CAS and AAS had significantly lower scores than typically speaking reference participants and speech delay controls on measures posited to assess representational and transcoding processes. Representational deficits differed between CAS and AAS groups, with support for both underspecified linguistic representations and memory/access deficits in CAS, but for only the latter in AAS. CAS–AAS similarities in the age–sex standardized percentages of occurrence of the most frequent type of inappropriate pauses ( abrupt ) and significant differences in the standardized occurrence of appropriate pauses were consistent with speech processing findings. Conclusions Results support the hypotheses of core representational and transcoding speech processing deficits in CAS and theoretical coherence of the PM's pause-speech elements with these deficits.

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Prevalence of Speech Delay in 6-Year-Old Children and Comorbidity With Language Impairment

Cited by 475 publications

References 41 publications

Family pedigrees of children with suspected childhood apraxia of speech

Family pedigrees of children with suspected childhood apraxia of speech

Dimensions of early speech sound disorders: A factor analytic study

A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: III. Theoretical Coherence of the Pause Marker with Speech Processing Deficits in Childhood Apraxia of Speech

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