Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among adolescents in Kampala, Uganda, and theoretical models for improving syndromic management

Råssjö, Eva-Britta; Kambugu, Fred; Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona; Tenywa, Tom; Darj, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.10.011

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The relatively high syphilis prevalence may serve as a reminder that risk behaviors among university students, such as having unprotected sex, occur. However, our estimated prevalence rates of N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, and T. vaginalis appeared lower than those found in other studies (14).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

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University students and the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in Uganda: The Crane Survey

Rutherford

Anglemyer

Bagenda³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health

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Adolescents and young adults are at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Previous reports have found that university students in Africa comprise a sexually active population, although the prevalence of HIV or sexually transmitted infections (STI) has not been measured. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of students from five large universities in Kampala, Uganda, using respondent-driven sampling. We asked students to complete behavioral questionnaires and provide biological samples to test for HIV, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, Trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginosis. We enrolled 649 students and obtained interpretable data from 640. Around 50% of the respondents were male, and the mean age was 22 years. An estimated 0.8% (95% CI 0.0-2.0) of male students had Chlamydia infection, approximately 4.3% (95% CI 2.0-7.0) had syphilis, 0.4% (95% CI 0.0-0.9) had HIV, and none had gonorrhea. An estimated 32.6% (95% CI 22.4-40.8) of women had bacterial vaginosis, 2.5% (95% CI 0.7-6.3) had Chlamydia infection, 1.7% (95% CI 0.5-3.6) had syphilis, 1.0% (95% CI 0.0-2.4) had gonorrhea, 0.9% (95% CI 0.0-4.2) had trichomoniasis, and 0.9% (95% CI 0.0-1.8) had HIV. We found no significant risk factors for HIV or other STI among males. We also found that not using a condom during the latest sexual intercourse was significantly associated with HIV infection, other STI, or bacterial vaginosis (OR 2.16; 95% 1.26-3.78) among females. We conclude that while university students are sexually active and there is substantial risk for syphilis, there is little evidence of substantially increased HIV risk among them.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

“…The prevalence is also similar to that seen in a survey among attendees of a Kampala youth health clinic (14). The relatively high syphilis prevalence may serve as a reminder that risk behaviors among university students, such as having unprotected sex, occur.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

University students and the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in Uganda: The Crane Survey

Rutherford

Anglemyer

Bagenda³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health

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“…A cross-sectional study of female adolescents in Uganda found a C. trachomatis prevalence of 4.5%. 16 In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, the combined prevalence of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae among sexually active youth 15–24 years old was 4.8% (2.7% for each pathogen). 17 Significantly higher prevalences of chlamydia and gonorrhea, ranging from 13.5–16.0% have been reported among out-of-school youth in the region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Mombasa, Kenya: Feasibility, Prevalence, and Correlates

Masese¹,

Wanje²,

Kabare³

et al. 2017

Sexual Trans Dis

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Introduction As adolescents and young women become sexually active, they are at risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We assessed feasibility and acceptability of STI screening among 15–24 year-old women in Mombasa, Kenya. Methods Following sensitization activities, participants were recruited from three high schools and one university. Study staff conducted informational sessions. Students interested in participating were given consent forms to take home, and invited to visit our clinic for STI screening. During clinic visits, participants completed a self-administered questionnaire and provided a urine specimen for STI testing using a nucleic acid amplification test. Results Between August 2014 and March 2015, 463 high school and 165 university students collected consent forms. Of these, 293 (63%) from high schools versus 158 (95%) from university attended clinic for STI screening (p<0.001). Of the 150 (33%) who reported any history of insertive vaginal sex, 78 (52.0%) reported condom use at the last sex act, 31 (20.7%) reported using modern non-barrier contraceptive methods, and 37 (24.7%) reported not using any contraception at the last sex act. Twenty-six participants (5.8%) were diagnosed with STIs (7 [1.6%] Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 16 [3.6%] Chlamydia trachomatis, 3 [0.7%] Trichomonas vaginalis). In multivariable analyses, reporting receptive vaginal sex without a condom was associated with having a laboratory confirmed STI (odds ratio 6.21; 95% confidence interval 1.72–22.28). Conclusion These findings support the need for reproductive health interventions to reduce the risk of STIs in a population of adolescent girls and young women in East Africa.

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“…Studies have reported risky sexual behaviors as a common practice among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Young people in this region frequently were engaged in pre-marital sexual intercourse, with consequences such as unplanned pregnancy [3], Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) [4], and HIV/AIDS [5,6]. Against the prevailing cultural norms in Sub-Saharan Africa, such young people also tend to engage in having multiple sexual partners [4-6], concurrent sexual partners [7] and unprotected sexual intercourse [3-6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of risky sexual behaviors and risk perception among youths in Western Ethiopia: the influences of family and peers: a comparative cross-sectional study

Negeri

2014

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundEthiopia is a developing country with a demographic profile dominated by young population with in the ages of 15–24, constituting one third of the total population. Only little has been explored about the role of parenting process and peers in protecting youths from risky sexual behaviors. Thus, this study tried to assess risky sexual behaviors, risk perception and the influences of family and peers for possible interventions among youths in western Ethiopia.MethodsThe study applied a comparative cross-sectional design triangulated with qualitative study. A pre-tested, structured, interviewer administered questionnaire was used to gather data. SPSS software version 20 was used to perform descriptive statistics, univariate, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsOver one third of in-school and 41.4% out-of-school youths reported unprotected sex during the 12 months period prior to interview. More than one third of in-school youths (37.1%) reported to have two and more than two lifetime sexual partners compared to 32.6% of out-of-school youths. Out-of-school youths feel that they are at higher risk of getting HIV than in-school youths (AOR = 2.93; 95% CI: 1.45, 4.35). Youths who had high family connectedness were less likely to commence sexual activity and have multiple sexual partners than their counterparts (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.94) and (AOR = 2.79; 95% CI: 1.24, 4.43) respectively. Having pressure from peer to have sex was significantly associated with having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 2.82; 95% CI: 1.62, 2.49).ConclusionA substantial proportion of out-of-school youths engaged in risky sexual behaviors than in-school youths. Parents and peers play a role in shaping the behavior of youths. Consequently, the dimension of good parental process and positive peer factors has to be strengthened.

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Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among adolescents in Kampala, Uganda, and theoretical models for improving syndromic management

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

University students and the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in Uganda: The Crane Survey

University students and the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in Uganda: The Crane Survey

Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Mombasa, Kenya: Feasibility, Prevalence, and Correlates

Assessment of risky sexual behaviors and risk perception among youths in Western Ethiopia: the influences of family and peers: a comparative cross-sectional study

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