Prevalence of Selected Zoonotic Diseases in Vertebrates From Haiti, 1972

Lean, Robert G. Mc; Trevino, H. A.; Sather, G E

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-15.2.327

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Earlier serological studies suggest an even wider range including members of the Alphavirus and Flavivirus genera to which some of the most important human pathogens belong. Alphavirus antibodies previously detected in bats include eastern (EEEV), Venezuelan (VEEV) and western (WEEV) equine encephalitis viruses (Price, ; McLean et al., ; Ubico and McLean, ). All but the latter are associated with deadly epidemics in humans and/or horses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of Selected Alphaviruses and Flaviviruses in Bats in Trinidad

Thompson

Auguste

Rosa

et al. 2014

Zoonoses and Public Health

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A serosurvey of antibodies against selected flaviviruses and alphaviruses in 384 bats (representing 10 genera and 14 species) was conducted in the Caribbean island of Trinidad. Sera were analysed using epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) specific for antibodies against West Nile virus (WNV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) and eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), all of which are zoonotic viruses of public health significance in the region. Overall, the ELISAs resulted in the detection of VEEV-specific antibodies in 11 (2.9%) of 384 bats. Antibodies to WNV and EEEV were not detected in any sera. Of the 384 sera, 308 were also screened using hemagglutination inhibition assay (HIA) for antibodies to the aforementioned viruses as well as St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV; which also causes epidemic disease in humans), Rio Bravo virus (RBV), Tamana bat virus (TABV) and western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV). Using this approach, antibodies to TABV and RBV were detected in 47 (15.3%) and 3 (1.0%) bats, respectively. HIA results also suggest the presence of antibodies to an undetermined flavivirus(es) in 8 (2.6%) bats. Seropositivity for TABV was significantly (P<0.05; χ2) associated with bat species, location and feeding preference, and for VEEV with roost type and location. Differences in prevalence rates between urban and rural locations were statistically significant (P<0.05; χ2) for TABV only. None of the aforementioned factors was significantly associated with RBV seropositivity rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of Selected Alphaviruses and Flaviviruses in Bats in Trinidad

Thompson

Auguste

Rosa

et al. 2014

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…Jamaican fruit bats are a widely distributed New World bat species that share overlapping habitats with multiple other species and, increasingly, humans. Consequently, as mentioned above, Jamaican fruit bats have been found to be infected with a multitude of different viruses in nature [5,6,8,9,11,13,15,16,30]. Moreover, it has been used as an experimental infection model for several of these viruses, including those for which Jamaican fruit bats constitute a putative natural reservoir, such as TCRV [17,21], RABV [25], and bat IAV H18N11 [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with its ability to infect a wide range of animals, the virus circulates in many other Artibeus species, including the flat-faced fruit bat and great fruit-eating bat. Artibeus bat colonies in Grenada are therefore believed to be reservoirs of RABV [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Rabies Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies since the 1950s found that Jamaican fruit bats have an important role in viral ecology as well. They were found to be infected with multiple viruses in nature, including dengue virus (DENV) [5][6][7], West Nile virus (WNV) [8], Zika virus Viruses 2022, 14, 238 2 of 11 (ZIKV) [8], alphacoronaviruses (α-CoV) [9], chikungunya virus (CHIKV) [10], Tacaribe virus (TCRV) [11,12], and rabies virus (RABV) [13][14][15][16], many of which are pathogenic to humans. Although infections with DENV, WNV, and ZIKV are due to epizootic events, it could be shown that Jamaican fruit bats may represent a reservoir for RABV [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different but Not Unique: Deciphering the Immunity of the Jamaican Fruit Bat by Studying Its Viriome

David

Schountz

Schwemmle

et al. 2022

Viruses

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A specialized and fine-tuned immune response of bats upon infection with viruses is believed to provide the basis for a “friendly” coexistence with these pathogens, which are often lethal for humans and other mammals. First insights into the immunity of bats suggest that bats have evolved to possess their own strategies to cope with viral infections. Yet, the molecular details for this innocuous coexistence remain poorly described and bat infection models are the key to unveiling these secrets. In Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis), a New World bat species, infection experiments with its (putative) natural viral pathogens Tacaribe virus (TCRV), rabies virus (RABV), and the bat influenza A virus (IAV) H18N11, have contributed to an accurate, though still incomplete, representation of the bat-imposed immunity. Surprisingly, though many aspects of their innate and adaptive immune responses differ from that of the human immune response, such as a contraction of the IFN locus and reduction in the number of immunoglobulin subclasses, variations could also be observed between Jamaican fruit bats and other bat species.

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“…The patients suffer a 2-or 3-day period with fever, headache, vomiting, nausea, somnolence and irritability before manifestations in the CNS begin (Nalca et al 2003). Constantine (1970) mentions that WEEV has been isolated from bats and Western equine encephalitis N antibodies were detected in Artibeus jamaicensis from Haiti (McLean et al 1979) and Artibeus lituratus from Tikal, Guatemala (Ubico and McLean 1995). The latter authors postulate that bats may become infected, especially during epizootics in other hosts.…”

Section: Togaviridaementioning

confidence: 99%